Auditory verbal hallucinations in patients with borderline personality disorder are similar to those in schizophrenia

Slotema, Christina W.; Daalman, Kirstin; Blom, Jan Dirk; Diederen, Kelly; Hoek, Hans W.; Sommer, Iris

doi:10.1017/s0033291712000165

Cited by 122 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Thus, in the contemporary psychopathological framework, a claim that a personality disorder may be associated with enduring auditory hallucinations appears conceptually unproblematic [18,19]. In a similar vein, a nosological disagreement between two independent teams of psychiatric experts, evaluating the mental state of the Norwegian mass murderer A. Breivik resulted in competing ICD-10 diagnoses of schizophrenia and personality disorder [20,21].…”

Section: Schizophrenia After the Operational Revolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Disorders: Clinical and Conceptual Implications for the Diagnostic Concept of Schizophrenia

Parnas

Jansson

2015

Psychopathology

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The release of DSM-5 and the preparations for the launch of the ICD-11 provoked a series of critiques of psychiatric classification, which continues to depend largely on clinical description. Among the immediate problems are those of arbitrary diagnostic thresholds, tendency to reification, rigid category boundaries, comorbidity, diagnostic ‘epidemics' and differential diagnostic dilemmas. We argue that many of those problems stem from the polythetic-operational definitions of psychiatric categories, which thereby come to lack an organizing prototype-directed or gestaltic intelligibility principle. We illustrate these issues by briefly examining the current operational diagnosis of schizophrenia, its demarcation from affective illness and the status of the spectrum concept and the prodrome of schizophrenia. We point out that European research on schizophrenia always allocated an important diagnostic weight to a certain prototypical trait core of the illness, phenomenologically indispensable for its demarcation from other, nonschizophrenic psychotic conditions. We believe that the notion of self-disorder (reflective of the structural alterations of subjectivity), itemized into its various aspects in the Examination of Anomalous Self-Experience scale, is an important step forward in a more precise psychopathological articulation of that core, strengthening its clinical and research utility.

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Section: Schizophrenia After the Operational Revolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Disorders: Clinical and Conceptual Implications for the Diagnostic Concept of Schizophrenia

Parnas

Jansson

2015

Psychopathology

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“…The prevalence of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) in patients diagnosed with a borderline personality disorder (BPD) is higher than traditionally thought [1][2][3] . AVH are best known for their occurrence in patients with schizophrenia, in whom their prevalence varies between 40 and 80% [4] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We previously reported that in the latter group, AVH are experienced with a mean frequency of at least once per day, that they last several minutes or more per episode, and that the ensuing distress is comparable to -and sometimes even higher than -the distress due to AVH in schizophrenia [1,2] . Moreover, the phenomenological characteristics of AVH experienced by BPD patients do not differ substantially from those in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia [1,2] , whereas they do differ from those in individuals without a psychiatric diagnosis [2] . As in schizophrenia, AVH in the context of BPD frequently consist of harmful commands, hateful remarks, and comments addressing the patient personally [2] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the phenomenological characteristics of AVH experienced by BPD patients do not differ substantially from those in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia [1,2] , whereas they do differ from those in individuals without a psychiatric diagnosis [2] . As in schizophrenia, AVH in the context of BPD frequently consist of harmful commands, hateful remarks, and comments addressing the patient personally [2] . As a consequence, AVH in BPD should no longer be conceptualised as the "psychotic-like hallucinations" or "pseudohallucinations" they were once thought to be, but rather as hallucinations proper, i.e., percepts experienced by a waking individual, in the absence of an appropriate stimulus from the extracorporeal world [2,13] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Negative Beliefs about Voices in Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder Are Associated with Distress: A Plea for Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy?

et al. 2017

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Background: Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are experienced by 21-54% of patients diagnosed with a borderline personality disorder (BPD), and ensuing distress is often high. Little is known about the beliefs these patients foster about their voices, and the influence thereof on distress and need for hospitalisation. Methods: In a convenience sample of 38 BPD outpatients with AVH, data were collected with the aid of the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales (PSYRATS), Beliefs about Voices Questionnaire (BAVQ), Social Comparison Rating Scale (SCRS), and Voice Power Differential Scale (VPDS). Results: The majority of patients with BPD who experience AVH rate their voices as malevolent and omnipotent, and higher in social rank than themselves. Moreover, their resistance against them tends to be high. These parameters correlate positively and significantly with high levels of distress experienced in relation to these AVH. The need for hospitalisation, in turn, is associated with high scores for omnipotence of the voices and distress due to AVH. However, these findings could not be confirmed in regression analyses. Conclusions: As negative beliefs can be altered with cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), we expect CBT to be beneficial in the treatment of AVH in BPD patients, whether or not in combination with antipsychotic medication.

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“…[23][24][25] Moreover, auditory verbal hallucinations in BPD appear to be phenomenologically similar to those in schizophrenia. 24 It is also evident that BPD is common among youth meeting UHR criteria for psychosis and among those with FEP, with 14.9%…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Adolescents with Borderline Personality Disorder and Ultra-High Risk Criteria for Psychosis: A Post Hoc Subgroup Analysis of a Double—Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2013

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Objective: To investigate whether long-chain omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) improve functioning and psychiatric symptoms in young people with borderline personality disorder (BPD) who also meet ultra-high risk criteria for psychosis. Methods:We conducted a post hoc subgroup analysis of a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Fifteen adolescents with BPD (mean age 16.2 years, [SD 2.1]) were randomized to either 1.2 g/day n-3 PUFAs or placebo. The intervention period was 12 weeks. Study measures included the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, and the Global Assessment of Functioning. Side effects were documented with the Udvalg for Kliniske Undersøgelser. Fatty acids in erythrocytes were analyzed using capillary gas chromatography.Results: At baseline, erythrocyte n-3 PUFA levels correlated positively with psychosocial functioning and negatively with psychopathology. By the end of the intervention, n-3 PUFAs significantly improved functioning and reduced psychiatric symptoms, compared with placebo. Side effects did not differ between the treatment groups.Conclusions: Long-chain n-3 PUFAs should be further explored as a viable treatment strategy with minimal associated risk in young people with BPD.(Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT00396643) W W W

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Auditory verbal hallucinations in patients with borderline personality disorder are similar to those in schizophrenia

Cited by 122 publications

References 20 publications

Self-Disorders: Clinical and Conceptual Implications for the Diagnostic Concept of Schizophrenia

Self-Disorders: Clinical and Conceptual Implications for the Diagnostic Concept of Schizophrenia

Negative Beliefs about Voices in Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder Are Associated with Distress: A Plea for Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy?

Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Adolescents with Borderline Personality Disorder and Ultra-High Risk Criteria for Psychosis: A Post Hoc Subgroup Analysis of a Double—Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

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