Auditory Verbal Hallucinations and Inner Speech : A Predictive Processing Perspective

Wilkinson, Sam; Fernyhough, Charles

doi:10.26530/oapen_1001597

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This metacognitive ability in turn contributes to our taking perspectives on self and others and to generate self-knowledge. It has thus been suggested that inner speech fosters metacognition (Vygotsky, 1934/1986; Carruthers, 2002; Clark, 2002; Martínez-Manrique and Vicente, 2010; Jackendoff, 2011; Langland-Hassan et al, 2017), self-regulation and self-motivation (Hardy, 2006; Clowes, 2007), and self-awareness (Peirce, 1934; Vygotsky, 1934/1986; Ricœur, 1990; Dennett, 1991; Merleau-Ponty, 1948/2002; Wiley, 2006b; Morin et al, 2011; Wilkinson and Fernyhough, 2017). This diversity of uses comes with a plurality of forms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The ConDialInt Model: Condensation, Dialogality, and Intentionality Dimensions of Inner Speech Within a Hierarchical Predictive Control Framework

et al. 2019

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Inner speech has been shown to vary in form along several dimensions. Along condensation, condensed inner speech forms have been described, that are supposed to be deprived of acoustic, phonological and even syntactic qualities. Expanded forms, on the other extreme, display articulatory and auditory properties. Along dialogality, inner speech can be monologal, when we engage in internal soliloquy, or dialogal, when we recall past conversations or imagine future dialogs involving our own voice as well as that of others addressing us. Along intentionality, it can be intentional (when we deliberately rehearse material in short-term memory) or it can arise unintentionally (during mind wandering). We introduce the ConDialInt model, a neurocognitive predictive control model of inner speech that accounts for its varieties along these three dimensions. ConDialInt spells out the condensation dimension by including inhibitory control at the conceptualization, formulation or articulatory planning stage. It accounts for dialogality, by assuming internal model adaptations and by speculating on neural processes underlying perspective switching. It explains the differences between intentional and spontaneous varieties in terms of monitoring. We present an fMRI study in which we probed varieties of inner speech along dialogality and intentionality, to examine the validity of the neuroanatomical correlates posited in ConDialInt. Condensation was also informally tackled. Our data support the hypothesis that expanded inner speech recruits speech production processes down to articulatory planning, resulting in a predicted signal, the inner voice, with auditory qualities. Along dialogality, covertly using an avatar’s voice resulted in the activation of right hemisphere homologs of the regions involved in internal own-voice soliloquy and in reduced cerebellar activation, consistent with internal model adaptation. Switching from first-person to third-person perspective resulted in activations in precuneus and parietal lobules. Along intentionality, compared with intentional inner speech, mind wandering with inner speech episodes was associated with greater bilateral inferior frontal activation and decreased activation in left temporal regions. This is consistent with the reported subjective evanescence and presumably reflects condensation processes. Our results provide neuroanatomical evidence compatible with predictive control and in favor of the assumptions made in the ConDialInt model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another predictive account of inner speech has been provided by Wilkinson and Fernyhough (2017). Their account takes a predictive processing approach, stemming from Friston’s (2005) active inference theory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ConDialInt Model: Condensation, Dialogality, and Intentionality Dimensions of Inner Speech Within a Hierarchical Predictive Control Framework

et al. 2019

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“…Neuroimaging of patients experiencing AVH shows activation both in speech production and speech perception areas, and, taken as a whole, is equivocal with respect to most theories of the finer‐grained cognitive bases of AVH (see Allen et al [2007] and Bohlken et al [2016] for reviews; see also Anthony [2004]). Recently, a number of theorists have moved forward from traditional comparator models to try to understand AVH in similar ways via the use of predictive processing models of cognition (Fletcher & Frith, 2009; Swiney, 2018; Wilkinson, 2014; Wilkinson & Fernyhough, 2017).…”

Section: Inner Speech and Avhsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inner speech

Langland‐Hassan

2020

WIRES Cognitive Science

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Inner speech travels under many aliases: the inner voice, verbal thought, thinking in words, internal verbalization, “talking in your head,” the “little voice in the head,” and so on. It is both a familiar element of first‐person experience and a psychological phenomenon whose complex cognitive components and distributed neural bases are increasingly well understood. There is evidence that inner speech plays a variety of cognitive roles, from enabling abstract thought, to supporting metacognition, memory, and executive function. One active area of controversy concerns the relation of inner speech to auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) in schizophrenia, with a common proposal being that sufferers of AVH misidentify their own inner speech as being generated by someone else. Recently, researchers have used artificial intelligence to translate the neural and neuromuscular signatures of inner speech into corresponding outer speech signals, laying the groundwork for a variety of new applications and interventions. This article is categorized under: Philosophy > Foundations of Cognitive Science Linguistics > Language in Mind and Brain Philosophy > Consciousness Philosophy > Psychological Capacities

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“…Emprirical studies have indicated that some 0.7% of the general population has experienced auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) defined based on Jhons' strict criteria (Johns et al 2004;Sommer et al 2010;Upthegrove et al 2016). Various hypotheses have been proposed to explain the AVHs in patients with schizophrenia from different perspectives (Alderson-Day and Fernyhough 2016;Alderson-Day et al 2017;Alderson-Day et al 2015;Baumeister et al 2017;Cho and Wu 2014;Conde et al 2016;Curcic-Blake et al 2017;Hugdahl 2015;Jones 2010;Liemburg et al 2012;McCarthy-Jones et al 2014;Northoff 2014;Wilkinson 2014;Wilkinson and Fernyhough 2017); however, none of the proposed hypotheses has achieved general acceptance (Wilkinson and Fernyhough 2017). To the best of our knowledge, no published research has focused on investigating the effects of antipsychotic medication on AVHs and accompanied brain alterations in H-AVH subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exploratory studies of H-AVH subjects, including examining the effects of antipsychotic treatment, can provide fundamental information about the mechanisms underlying AVHs. Investigation of AVHs in H-AVH subjects can provide important information to help clarify the precise pathological features of AVHs and avoid many confounding factors, such as other psychiatric symptoms (Hugdahl 2015;Jones 2010;Wilkinson and Fernyhough 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COMT-Val158Met polymorphism modulates antipsychotic effects on auditory verbal hallucinations and temporal lobe gray matter volumes in healthy individuals—symptom relief accompanied by worrisome volume reductions

Zhuo

Cheng

et al. 2019

Brain Imaging and Behavior

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Investigation of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) in schizophrenics is complicated by psychiatric symptoms. Investigating healthy individuals with AVHs (H-AVHs) can obviate such confounding factors. The objective of this study was to explore the effects of antipsychotic treatment on AVHs and gray matter volumes (GMVs) in H-AVH subjects and whether such are effects are influenced by COMT-Val158Met genotype. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and genotyping studies were completed for 42 H-AVH subjects and 42 well-matched healthy controls (HCs). COMT-Met/Met homozygotes (158th codon) were identified as COMT-Met genotype; COMT-Met/Val heterozygotes and COMT-Val/Val homozygotes were identified as COMT-Val genotype. Data were compared across groups (H-AVH vs. HC, and between genotypes) with two-sample t-tests. The H-AVH COMT-Met group showed a stronger response to antipsychotic treatment than the H-AVH COMT-Val group (p < 0.001). Both H-AVH genotype groups exhibited temporal lobe GMV reductions after treatment, and relative to their respective genotype-matched HC groups. Antipsychotic treatment effects in H-AVH subjects were influenced by COMT-Val158Met genotype and associated with widespread GMV reductions. These findings provide clues for further exploration of treatment targets for AVHs. Treatment associated GMV reductions, however, raise concerns about use of antipsychotics in H-AVH subjects.

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Auditory Verbal Hallucinations and Inner Speech : A Predictive Processing Perspective

Cited by 12 publications

References 25 publications

The ConDialInt Model: Condensation, Dialogality, and Intentionality Dimensions of Inner Speech Within a Hierarchical Predictive Control Framework

The ConDialInt Model: Condensation, Dialogality, and Intentionality Dimensions of Inner Speech Within a Hierarchical Predictive Control Framework

Inner speech

COMT-Val158Met polymorphism modulates antipsychotic effects on auditory verbal hallucinations and temporal lobe gray matter volumes in healthy individuals—symptom relief accompanied by worrisome volume reductions

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