Auditory noise improves balance control by cross-modal stochastic resonance

Yashima, Junichiro; Kusuno, Miki; Sugimoto, Eri; Sasaki, Hirokazu

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08299

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The recent scientific literature has explored in several ways the relevance of stochastic resonance in the functioning of the auditory system [20,[44][45][46]. In this paper we have shown how the mechanism of stochastic resonance coupled with a high-pass filter may hint at a straightforward-albeit partial-explanation of the equal loudness curves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

A toy model for the auditory system that exploits stochastic resonance

Veronesi¹,

Milotti²

2022

Eur. J. Phys.

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The transduction process that occurs in the inner ear of the auditory system is a complex mechanism which requires a non-linear dynamical description. In addition to this, the stochastic phenomena that naturally arise in the inner ear during the transduction of an external sound into an electro-chemical signal must also be taken into account. The presence of noise is usually undesirable, but in non-linear systems a moderate amount of noise can improve the system's performance and increase the signal-to-noise ratio. The phenomenon of stochastic resonance combines randomness with non-linearity and is a natural candidate to explain at least part of the hearing process which is observed in the inner ear. In this work, we present a toy model of the auditory system which shows how stochastic resonance can be instrumental to sound perception, and suggests an explanation of the frequency dependence of the hearing threshold.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

A toy model for the auditory system that exploits stochastic resonance

Veronesi¹,

Milotti²

2022

Eur. J. Phys.

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“…As mentioned previously, the noise-induced SR has a positive effect on the LC-respiratory entrainment with PAC and may stabilise the BR and HR within their normal ranges in the resting state. Previous studies have demonstrated the potential benefit of using the noise-induced SR, in which an auditory noise significantly improves the balance control of participants with lower balance control ability 46 . Therefore, LC-respiratory entrainment might have a role in maintaining homeostasis of the cardio-respiratory system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory entrainment of the locus coeruleus modulates arousal level to avoid physical risks from external vibration

Iwamoto

Yonekura

Atsumi

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Slow rocking chairs can easily put people to sleep, while violent shaking, such as during earthquakes, may lead to rapid awakening. However, the influence of external body vibrations on arousal remains unclear. Herein, a computational model of a locus coeruleus (LC)-norepinephrine (NE) system and cardio-respiratory system were used to show that respiratory entrainment of the LC modulates arousal levels, which is an adaptation to avoid physical risks from external vibration. External vibrations of sinusoidal waves with different frequencies ranging from 0.1 to 20 [Hz] were applied to the LC based on the results of previous studies. We found that respiratory entrainment of the LC decreased the breathing rate (BR) and heart rate (HR) to maintain the HR within its normal range. Furthermore, 1:1 phase locking enhanced arousal level while phase-amplitude coupling decreased it for larger vibration stimuli. These findings suggest that respiratory entrainment of the LC might automatically modulate cardio-respiratory system homeostasis and arousal levels for performance readiness (fight/flight or freeze) to avoid physical risks from larger external vibrations.

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“…This improvement in speech comprehension and the perception of complex sounds -which could be also important for orienting animals as warning sounds -could be an explanation for the emergence of this mechanism in our auditory system during evolution. In recent studies, the fact that different modalities use SR to improve the signal has been proven [125,126]. It seems that SR and especially cross-modal SR is a universal principle of sensory processing [36].…”

Section: A Critical Role Of Stochastic Resonancementioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive coding and stochastic resonance as fundamental principles of auditory perception

Schilling¹,

Sedley²,

Gerum³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Cognitive computational neuroscience (CCN) suggests that to gain a mechanistic understanding of brain function, hypothesis driven experiments should be accompanied by biologically plausible computational models. This novel research paradigm offers a way from alchemy to chemistry, in auditory neuroscience. With a special focus on tinnitus -as the prime example of auditory phantom perception -we review recent work at the intersection of artificial intelligence, psychology, and neuroscience, foregrounding the idea that experiments will yield mechanistic insight only when employed to test formal or computational models. This view challenges the popular notion that tinnitus research is primarily data limited, and that producing large, multi-modal, and complex data-sets, analyzed with advanced data analysis algorithms, will lead to fundamental insights into how tinnitus emerges. We conclude that two fundamental processing principles -being ubiquitous in the brain -best fit to a vast number of experimental results and therefore provide the most explanatory power: predictive coding as a top-down, and stochastic resonance as a complementary bottom-up mechanism. Furthermore, we argue that even though contemporary artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches largely lack biological plausibility, the models to be constructed will have to draw on concepts from these fields; since they provide a formal account of the requisite computations that underlie brain function. Nevertheless, biological fidelity will have to be addressed, allowing for testing possible treatment strategies in silico, before application in animal or patient studies. This iteration of computational and empirical studies may help to open the 'black boxes' of both machine learning and the human brain.

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Auditory noise improves balance control by cross-modal stochastic resonance

Cited by 15 publications

References 46 publications

A toy model for the auditory system that exploits stochastic resonance

A toy model for the auditory system that exploits stochastic resonance

Respiratory entrainment of the locus coeruleus modulates arousal level to avoid physical risks from external vibration

Predictive coding and stochastic resonance as fundamental principles of auditory perception

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