Auditory neglect.

Abstract

SUMMARY Auditory neglect was investigated in normal controls and in patients with a recent unilateral hemispheric lesion, by requiring them to detect the interruptions that occurred in one ear in a sound delivered through earphones either mono-aurally or binaurally. Control patients accurately detected interruptions. One left brain damaged (LBD) patient missed only once in the ipsilateral ear while seven of the 30 right brain damaged (RBD) patients missed more than one signal in the monoaural test and nine patients did the same in the binaural test. Omissions were always more marked in the left ear and in the binaural test with a significant ear by test interaction. The lesion ofthese patients was in the parietal lobe (five patients) and the thalamus (four patients). The relation of auditory neglect to auditory extinction was investigated and found to be equivocal, in that there were seven RBD patients who showed extinction, but not neglect and, more importantly, two patients who exhibited the opposite pattern, thus challenging the view that extinction is a minor form of neglect. Also visual and auditory neglect were not consistently correlated, the former being present in nine RBD patients without auditory neglect and the latter in two RBD patients without visual neglect. The finding that in some RBD patients with auditory neglect omissions also occurred, though with less frequency, in the right ear, points to a right hemisphere participation in the deployment of attention not only to the contralateral, but also to the ipsilateral space.

Modality-specific frontal and parietal areas for auditory and visual spatial localization in humans

“…Furthermore, spatially tuned neuronal responses during sound localization (resembling those of primary auditory cortex) were demonstrated in the anterior ectosylvian fissure of the cat and the posterior parietal and prefrontal regions of primates 9-13 . Therefore, it was postulated that primary auditory cortex relies on these higher-order cortical regions for further processing of the spatial attributes of sound and its integration with other sensory modalities and motor function.Results of lesion studies in humans have been controversial; some studies attributed impaired sound localization exclusively to lesions in temporal lobe 14 , whereas others questioned its importance in sound localization 15 or reported auditory spatial deficits following parietal or frontal lobe lesions [16][17][18][19] . In a preliminary human PET study, we demonstrated activation in posterior parietal, lateral prefrontal and inferior temporal regions but not primary auditory cortex during sound localization 20 .…”

Impact of Cognitive Neuroscience on Stroke Rehabilitation

“…Пациенты не отвечают или не могут спонтанно определить местоположение стимула на левой стороне и кажется игнорируют эту часть пространства [58][59][60]. Необычный характер этого дефицита, высокая заболе-ваемость и его негативное влияние на восстановление стали причиной весьма продуктивной исследователь-ской работы в области когнитивной и клинической ней-робиологии и привели к разработке целого ряда методов реабилитации [11,[61][62][63][64].…”

“…Patients fail to respond or to orient spontaneously to stimuli presented on the left side and seem unaware of this part of space. [58][59][60] The intriguing nature of the deficit, its high incidence, and its negative effect on recovery have initiated a highly productive research field in cognitive and clinical neuroscience, which has led to the development of several rehabilitation techniques. 11,[61][62][63][64] Several reviews and meta-analyses noted that although therapeutic interventions tended to alleviate neglect symptoms, this was not the case in all studies.…”

Exogenous orienting of attention in hearing: a virtual reality paradigm to assess auditory attention in neglect patients

“…Bisiach et al (1984) suggested that patients with USN showed more auditory localization errors compared to patients without USN, especially for sounds displayed in contralesional space. Many investigations have been carried out on auditory neglect and its manifestations (Bellmann et al 2001;De Renzi et al 1989;Pavani et al 2004). However, until now, no study has yet taken a specific interest in the mechanisms of spatial orienting of auditory attention in USN.…”