Auditory event-related potentials to semantic priming during sleep

Brualla, Javier; Romero, Marı́a F; Serrano, María Teresa Bimbela; Valdizán, J R

doi:10.1016/s0168-5597(97)00102-0

Cited by 76 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…For both S2 and PS sleep, incongruous words showed larger N400-like waves than congruous words, with latencies and topographies similar to the waking N400. (Brualla, Romero, Serrano, & Valdizán, 1998 reported a similar finding, although with delayed N400 latencies during sleep.) Pseudowords, by contrast, elicited different ERPs depending on the vigilance state: during wakefulness they exhibited larger N400s than incongruous words, whereas during S2 sleep pseudowords and incongruous words elicited similarly greater amplitude N400s relative to congruous words.…”

Section: Erps During Sleepsupporting

confidence: 52%

A Sampler of Event-Related Brain Potential (ERP) Analyses of Language Processing

Kutas

DeLong

2008

Brain Research in Language

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Abstract:In large part, language comprehension and production occur quickly and unavailable to conscious reflection. Electrophysiological methods -eventrelated brain potentials (ERPs) and other measures of electrical brain activityafford a view of the brain in action as it supports these language processes as they unfold in real time. Moreover, ERPs can be utilized even when a comprehender's only task is to understand a word, phrase or sentence or to produce names or more elaborate utterances. Recording electrical brain activity in response to written and spoken words (as well as smaller and larger linguistic units) thus provides a means of tracking the brain's sensitivity to various linguistic inputs, revealing which factors are important to processing and the time course of their influence. As a continuous measure of processing, ERPs allow simultaneous looks at brain activity at the multiple time scales at which language processing transpires, from the first milliseconds of processing a word to the seconds required to comprehend a sentence, or even longer for a discourse. One of the greatest advantages to using ERPs, then, is that this combination of methodological features allows for investigations of aspects of language processing that are otherwise difficult if not impossible to detect via other measures. In this chapter, we will examine such instances, outlining five very different groups of ERP studies which exemplify some of the unique insights made possible by use of the methodology in the study of language-related neural processes. In particular, we will discuss the paradigms and the kinds of information that can be gathered from using ERPs to look at language processing outside the focus of attention, during language learning (before explicit knowing), for individuals in unconscious states, in determining

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Section: Erps During Sleepsupporting

confidence: 52%

A Sampler of Event-Related Brain Potential (ERP) Analyses of Language Processing

Kutas

DeLong

2008

Brain Research in Language

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“…It was demonstrated that meaningful stimuli, which also require less intensity to evoke an arousal from any stage of sleep (Oswald et al, 1960), produce P300 responses during REM and Stage 2 sleep (for a review, see Cote and Campbell, 1999). Such findings indicate that lack of reset in REM should at least not be absolute but related to the characteristics, significance and/or salience of stimuli (Brualla et al, 1998;Perrin et al, 1999). The elicitation of the parietal P300 response to at least the rare, intrusive or meaningful stimuli showed that REM, a period of endogenous stimulus processing related to dreaming, may involve extended processing of exogenous stimuli under specific task conditions.…”

Section: Gamma Activity In Sleepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early gamma response of sleep is sensory/perceptual in origin

Karakaş

Arıkan

Çakmak

et al. 2006

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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The goal of the study was to investigate the gamma response of the brain and its functional correlates in rapid eye movements (REM) sleep and the three stages of non-REM sleep. Data on overnight sleep were acquired from 16 healthy, young adult, volunteer males. Neuroelectric activity was recorded from seven recording sites (Fz, Cz, Pz, F3, F4, P3, P4) in response to auditory stimuli (2000 Hz deviant and 1000 Hz standard stimuli: 65 dB, 10 ms r/f time, 50 ms duration) under passive oddball paradigm. Data were analyzed with the Fourier transform and digital filtering and also the recently developed technique of time-frequency component analysis (TFCA). TFCA displayed the gamma response under all stages of sleep. Statistical analysis did not reveal a significant effect of stimulus type, recording site or sleep stage on the three parameters of TFCA, which included maximum value of the time-frequency representation of the extracted gamma component, maximum magnitude of the time-domain representation of the component and the energy of this component. The gamma period included N1 and the early theta response, both of which are related to sensory-perceptual processing in the literature. According to these findings, the gamma response is possibly related, as in wakefulness, to early stimulus processing that also includes sensory/perceptual operations.

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“…To these belong studies showing priming at short SOAs (Anderson & Holcomb, 1995) as well as a degree of independence of task (Besson et al, 1992;Kutas & Hillyard, 1989) and attention (Brualla et al, 1998). On the other hand, a number of other studies indicate the importance of attention (Holcomb, 1988;McCarthy & Nobre, 1993) and of having a semantically oriented task (Chwilla, Brown, & Hagoort, 1995).…”

Section: Other N400 Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semantic processing without conscious identification: Evidence from event-related potentials.

Stenberg¹,

Lindgren²,

Johansson³

et al. 2000

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

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Three event-related potential (ERP) experiments examined whether semantic content can be accessed from visually presented words that cannot be consciously identified. Category labels were shown to participants, followed by masked, briefly exposed words that were either exemplars of the category or not exemplars. The task was to verify the category, by guessing if necessary, and to identify the word, naming it if possible. Exposure durations were selected to allow identification in approximately half the trials. For identified words, there was a marked difference in the ERP response between in-category and out-ofcategory words because of an N400 component. For unidentified words, there was a similar although smaller difference. Conscious identification was defined using a variety of approaches: verbal report, 6-altemative forced choice, and binary categorization (in the context of the regression method; A. G. Greenwald, M. R. Klinger, & E. S. Schuh, 1995). By any definition, ERPs for unidentified words showed evidence of semantic processing. In addition, there were differences in the neuronal populations recruited to process above-threshold versus below-threshold words, suggesting qualitative differences.Perception of stimuli under severely data-limited conditions has been studied throughout the history of experimental psychology, and a number of early studies (reviewed by Adams, 1957) showed that participants performed at levels exceeding chance while expressing very low subjective confidence in their perceptions. The dissociation between a direct measure of aware perception, such as a verbal report, and a different measure, such as a forced guess (which is purportedly sensitive to unconscious processing), has remained a focus of research interest. Whereas the early studies often focused on sensory judgments about nonsymbolic stimuli such as weights and lines, Marcel and others (

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Auditory event-related potentials to semantic priming during sleep

Cited by 76 publications

References 46 publications

A Sampler of Event-Related Brain Potential (ERP) Analyses of Language Processing

A Sampler of Event-Related Brain Potential (ERP) Analyses of Language Processing

Early gamma response of sleep is sensory/perceptual in origin

Semantic processing without conscious identification: Evidence from event-related potentials.

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