Auditory effects on the electrically elicited blink reflex in patients with Parkinson's disease

Nakashima, Kenichiro; Shimoyama, Reiko; Yokoyama, Yasushi; Takahashi, Kentaro

doi:10.1016/0168-5597(93)90092-4

Cited by 46 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These data agree with those in the current literature (Kimura, 1973;Nakashima et al, 1993;Lindquist, 1972;Vails-Sol6 et al, 1994) and argue against the possibility that excitability of the Vth and VIIth motor nuclei is constantly modified due, for example, to possible changes in motor cortex (Ongerboer De Visser, 1983). The R2 recovery cycle after paired supraorbital stimuli, previously studied by others, indicates that normal inhibition is reduced in Parkinson's Disease (Kimura, 1973;Nakashima et al, 1993). Our results confirm these data and an earlier report (Penders and Delwaide, 1973).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…However, inhibition is clearly reduced in PD patients and the differences are clearly more significant (p < 0.002). Comparable results have been reported after auditory conditioning (Nakashima et al, 1993). In fact, assumed alterations in interneurones within the trigemino-facial pathway, responsible for the changes observed after paired stimulation of the supraorbital nerve, are not enough to account for more marked reduction in inhibition and some other structures with abnormal function are necessary to explain the "extra" reduction of inhibition seen after exteroceptive conditioning.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Compared to normal values, the latency, duration and amplitude of R1 and R2 are not different in parkinsonian patients (Kimura, 1973;Nakashima et al, 1993). These data argue in favour of normal excitability of the trigemino-facial pathways and in particular of the facial nucleus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…It is therefore interesting to determine whether differences between controls and patients are accentuated when more interneurones within the brainstem are involved in the conditioning manoeuvre. Acoustic conditioning produces in normal subjects a protracted inhibition of R2 which is reduced in PD (Nakashima et al, 1993). Such a paradigm implies, in fact, several interneurones but there has been no comparison with other conditioning techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Functional changes of brainstem reflexes in Parkinson's disease conditioning of the blink reflex R2 component by paired and index finger stimulation

Lozza

Pépin

Rapisarda

et al. 1997

J. Neural Transmission

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Recovery curves of the R2 component of the blink reflex have been studied in 10 control subjects and 13 parkinsonian patients both after ipsilateral paired stimulation of the supraorbital nerve and after index finger stimulation. In control subjects, both types of conditioning induced a comparable marked inhibition lasting more than 600 ms. In parkinsonian patients, inhibition was reduced after both conditionings. However, differences appeared in the magnitude of the changes: after paired stimulation, it was less significant (ANOVA and post-hoc Duncan's test: p = 0.04) than after index finger stimulation (p = 0.002). In that latter situation, the more marked reduction in inhibition is interpreted, in the light of current physiologic knowledge, by hypoactivity of the Nucleus Reticularis Giganto Cellularis (NRGC) which would make less efficient inhibitory interneurones in the trigemino-facial pathway. The results are thus compatible with the suggestion that NRGC is made indirectly less active in Parkinson's disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Functional changes of brainstem reflexes in Parkinson's disease conditioning of the blink reflex R2 component by paired and index finger stimulation

Lozza

Pépin

Rapisarda

et al. 1997

J. Neural Transmission

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Further evidence is provided by studies on prepulse inhibition and event‐related potentials. The inhibition of the R2 component of the blink reflex after auditory stimulation was reduced in PD 41, 42. Contingent negative variation (CNV), a slow negative potential shift occurring between a warning (S1) and an imperative (S2) stimulus, reflects the cognitive processes related to planning or anticipation of a motor response.…”

Section: Parkinson's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Sensorimotor integration in movement disorders

Abbruzzese

Berardelli²

2002

Movement Disorders

543

389

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Although current knowledge attributes movement disorders to a dysfunction of the basal ganglia-motor cortex circuits, abnormalities in the peripheral afferent inputs or in their central processing may interfere with motor program execution. We review the abnormalities of sensorimotor integration described in the various types of movement disorders. Several observations, including those of parkinsonian patients' excessive reliance on ongoing visual information during movement tasks, suggest that proprioception is defective in Parkinson's disease (PD). The disturbance of proprioceptive regulation, possibly related to the occurrence of abnormal muscle-stretch reflexes, might be important for generating hypometric or bradykinetic movements. Studies with somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs), prepulse inhibition, and event-related potentials support the hypothesis of central abnormalities of sensorimotor integration in PD. In Huntington's disease (HD), changes in SEPs and long-latency stretch reflexes suggest that a defective gating of peripheral afferent input to the brain might impair sensorimotor integration in cortical motor areas, thus interfering with the processing of motor programs. Defective motor programming might contribute to some features of motor impairment in HD. Sensory symptoms are frequent in focal dystonia and sensory manipulation can modify the dystonic movements. In addition, specific sensory functions (kinaesthesia, spatial-temporal discrimination) can be impaired in patients with focal hand dystonia, thus leading to a "sensory overflow." Sensory input may be abnormal and trigger focal dystonia, or defective "gating" may cause an input-output mismatch in specific motor programs. Altogether, several observations strongly support the idea that sensorimotor integration is impaired in focal dystonia. Although elemental sensation is normal in patients with tics, tics can be associated with sensory phenomena. Some neurophysiological studies suggest that an altered "gating" mechanism also underlies the development of tics. This review underlines the importance of abnormal sensorimotor integration in the pathophysiology of movement disorders. Although the physiological mechanism remains unclear, the defect is of special clinical relevance in determining the development of focal dystonia.

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MRI Assessment of Intrinsic Neural Timescale and Gray Matter Volume in Parkinson's Disease

Wei

Zhang

Peng

et al. 2023

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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BackgroundNumerous studies have indicated altered temporal features of the brain function in Parkinson's disease (PD), and the autocorrelation magnitude of intrinsic neural signals, called intrinsic neural timescales, were often applied to estimate how long neural information stored in local brain areas. However, it is unclear whether PD patients at different disease stages exhibit abnormal timescales accompanied with abnormal gray matter volume (GMV).PurposeTo assess the intrinsic timescale and GMV in PD.Study TypeProspective.Population74 idiopathic PD patients (44 early stage (PD‐ES) and 30 late stage (PD‐LS), as determined by the Hoehn and Yahr (HY) severity classification scale), and 73 healthy controls (HC).Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T MRI scanner; magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo and echo planar imaging sequences.AssessmentThe timescales were estimated by using the autocorrelation magnitude of neural signals. Voxel‐based morphometry was performed to calculate GMV in the whole brain. Severity of motor symptoms and cognitive impairments were assessed using the unified PD rating scale, the HY scale, the Montreal cognitive assessment, and the mini‐mental state examination.Statistical TestAnalysis of variance; two‐sample t‐test; Spearman rank correlation analysis; Mann–Whitney U test; Kruskal‐Wallis' H test. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe PD group had significantly abnormal intrinsic timescales in the sensorimotor, visual, and cognitive‐related areas, which correlated with the symptom severity (ρ = −0.265, P = 0.022) and GMV (ρ = 0.254, P = 0.029). Compared to the HC group, the PD‐ES group had significantly longer timescales in anterior cortical regions, whereas the PD‐LS group had significantly shorter timescales in posterior cortical regions.ConclusionThis study suggested that PD patients have abnormal timescales in multisystem and distinct patterns of timescales and GMV in cerebral cortex at different disease stages. This may provide new insights for the neural substrate of PD.Level of Evidence2Technical Efficacy Stage1

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Auditory effects on the electrically elicited blink reflex in patients with Parkinson's disease

Cited by 46 publications

References 15 publications

Functional changes of brainstem reflexes in Parkinson's disease conditioning of the blink reflex R2 component by paired and index finger stimulation

Functional changes of brainstem reflexes in Parkinson's disease conditioning of the blink reflex R2 component by paired and index finger stimulation

Sensorimotor integration in movement disorders

MRI Assessment of Intrinsic Neural Timescale and Gray Matter Volume in Parkinson's Disease

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