Auditory and visual objects

Kubovy, Michael; Valkenburg, David Van

doi:10.1016/s0010-0277(00)00155-4

Cited by 319 publications

(248 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…It has been suggested by Kubovy and Van Valkenburg (2001) that susceptibility to figure-ground segregation is the defining feature of perceptual objects; it is both necessary and sufficient for the perception of objects (p. 102). Those features of the world that become figures for us are perceptual objects.…”

Section: Figure-ground Segregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kubovy and Van Valkenburg 2001;Griffiths and Warren 2004;Matthen 2010), taste (Stevenson 2014), and smell (for detailed discussions see Lycan 1996;Batty 2010aBatty , 2011Batty , 2014aCarvalho 2014;Young 2016), 1 most discussions of objecthood still centre on the visual case, which is often taken to be paradigmatic of object perception. Perhaps this is in part because in the visual case these perceived objects are mainly ordinary, three-dimensional objects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Smelling objects

Millar

2017

Synthese

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Objects are central to perception and our interactions with the world. We perceive the world as parsed into discrete entities that instantiate particular properties, and these items capture our attention and shape how we interact with the environment. Recently there has been some debate about whether the sense of smell allows us to perceive odours as discrete objects, with some suggesting that olfaction is aspatial and doesn't allow for object-individuation. This paper offers two empirically tractable criteria for assessing whether particular objects are exhibited in perceptual experience-(1) susceptibility to figure-ground segregation and (2) perceptual constancies-and argues that these criteria are fulfilled by olfactory perception, and thus there are olfactory objects. I argue that there are, in fact, two different ways that olfaction allows for figure-ground segregation. First, I look at various Gestalt grouping principles, which are thought to govern when features are perceived as grouped into structured wholes, segregated from everything around them. I argue that these principles apply to olfactory experience, providing evidence of non-spatial figure-ground segregation. Second, I defend the contentious idea that a spatial variety of figureground segregation can also occur in olfaction. To see this, however, we need to look to empirical evidence showing that tactile stimulation and bodily movements play a crucial role in olfactory phenomenology. Finally, I draw on empirical evidence and olfactory phenomenology to argue that there are perceptual constancies in olfactory experience, allowing us to perceive odours as coherent objects that survive shifts in our perspectives on the world.

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Section: Figure-ground Segregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smelling objects

Millar

2017

Synthese

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“…Several researchers have developed the idea that frequency is the auditory analogue of space in vision, in part because of the way in which sensory transduction occurs; whereas the retina and primary visual cortex are organized spatiotopically, the cochlea and primary auditory cortex are organized tonotopically. One of the most thorough treatments of this analogy from an information processing perspective was provided by Kubovy and Van Valkenburg (2001), who argued that frequency, along with time, are the two "indispensable attributes" of audition, whereas space and time are the two indispensable attributes of vision. These authors referred to a stimulus attribute as indispensable if by distributing elements over the dimension, multiple perceptual objects are perceived.…”

Section: Frequency and Time As The "Indispensable Attributes" Of Audimentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory attention to frequency and time: an analogy to visual local–global stimuli

Justus

List

2005

Cognition

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Two priming experiments demonstrated exogenous attentional persistence to the fundamental auditory dimensions of frequency (Experiment 1) and time (Experiment 2). In a divided-attention task, participants responded to an independent dimension, the identification of three-tone sequence patterns, for both prime and probe stimuli. The stimuli were specifically designed to parallel the local-global hierarchical letter stimuli of [Navon D. (1977). Forest before trees: The precedence of global features in visual perception. Cognitive Psychology, 9, 353-383] and the task was designed to parallel subsequent work in visual attention using Navon stimuli [Robertson, L. C. (1996). Attentional persistence for features of hierarchical patterns. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 125, 227-249; Ward, L. M. (1982). Determinants of attention to local and global features of visual forms. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 8,[562][563][564][565][566][567][568][569][570][571][572][573][574][575][576][577][578][579][580][581]. The results are discussed in terms of previous work in auditory attention and previous approaches to auditory local-global processing.

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“…At the most, the data also suggest that pitch is indispensable in the processing of acoustic information, such that it cannot be disregarded even when it is both slow and irrelevant to the task in hand (cf. Kubovy & Van Valkenburg, 2001, with Neuhoff, 2003). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decomposing the Garner interference paradigm: Evidence for dissociations between macrolevel and microlevel performance

Dyson

Quinlan

2010

Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics

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Three Garner interference experiments are described in which baseline, filtering, and correlated performance were assessed at both a macrolevel (condition average) and microlevel (intertrial contingency), using the pairwise combinations of auditory pitch, loudness, and location. Discrepancies between pairs of dimensions were revealed between macro-and microlevel estimates of performance and, also, between filtering costs and correlated benefits, relative to baseline. The examination of the intertrial effects associated with filtering costs suggested that effects of increased stimulus uncertainty were mandatory, whereas effects of irrelevant variation were t Th i ti f th i t t i l ff t i t d ith l t d b fit t d th t th d t ti f not. The examination of the intertrial effects associated with correlated benefits suggested that the detection of stimulus repetition took precedence over that of stimulus change. Violations of standard horse race accounts of processing did not appear to stem from differences in the absolute or relative speeds of processing between dimensions but, rather, from the special role that certain dimensions (e.g., pitch) may play in certain modalities (e.g., audition). The utility of examining repetition effects is demonstrated by revealing a level of understanding regarding stimulus processing typically hidden by aggregated measures of performance.

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Auditory and visual objects

Cited by 319 publications

References 48 publications

Smelling objects

Smelling objects

Auditory attention to frequency and time: an analogy to visual local–global stimuli

Decomposing the Garner interference paradigm: Evidence for dissociations between macrolevel and microlevel performance

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