Audiovisual n-Back Training Alters the Neural Processes of Working Memory and Audiovisual Integration: Evidence of Changes in ERPs

Abstract

(1) Background: This study investigates whether audiovisual n-back training leads to training effects on working memory and transfer effects on perceptual processing. (2) Methods: Before and after training, the participants were tested using the audiovisual n-back task (1-, 2-, or 3-back), to detect training effects, and the audiovisual discrimination task, to detect transfer effects. (3) Results: For the training effect, the behavioral results show that training leads to greater accuracy and faster response times. Stronger training gains in accuracy and response time using 3- and 2-back tasks, compared to 1-back, were observed in the training group. Event-related potentials (ERPs) data revealed an enhancement of P300 in the frontal and central regions across all working memory levels after training. Training also led to the enhancement of N200 in the central region in the 3-back condition. For the transfer effect, greater audiovisual integration in the frontal and central regions during the post-test rather than pre-test was observed at an early stage (80–120 ms) in the training group. (4) Conclusion: Our findings provide evidence that audiovisual n-back training enhances neural processes underlying a working memory and demonstrate a positive influence of higher cognitive functions on lower cognitive functions.

Digital Intervention in Children with Developmental Language Disorder: A Systematic Review (Preprint)

“…The digital intervention programs employed included: Fast Forword (FFW) [43] (n=9), DynaVox V-Max (n=1), Reading Doctor [44] (n=1), 作作 TipOn [45] (n=1), My Sentence Builder [46](n=1), Jingyun Rehab Platform [35] (n=1), My PlayHome [47] (n=1), Dr. Neuronowski [48] (n=1), and a program developed by Heikkilä et al [37] and was run with Presentation software (Neurobehavioral systems; n=1). Among the nine programs mentioned above, seven of them are software for computers, tablets, or mobile phones, Jingyun Rehab Platform is a website for computers, tablets, and mobile phones, and DynaVox V-Max is an augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) device.…”

Presenting natural continuous speech in a multisensory immersive environment improves speech comprehension and reflects the allocation of processing resources in neural speech tracking.

“…al., 2013;Frtusova & Phillips, 2016;Guo et al, 2023;Moradi et al, 2013;Sommers & Phelps, 2016). A study by Frtusova and Phillips (2016) investigated working memory performance in auditory and audio-visual modalities in older individuals with normal-and impaired hearing.…”