Audiologic abnormalities in cases of vitiligo

Tosti, Antonella; Bardazzi, Federico; Tosti, Giovanni; Monti, Luca

doi:10.1016/s0190-9622(87)70196-0

Cited by 65 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…7,9,[16][17][18] Our study thus strengthens the hypothesis that vitiligo is a significant factor for altered cochlear function, and that melanin may in fact have an important role in cell metabolism, facilitating substance exchanges and maintaining endolymph, perilymph and ionic balance. 19 Our findings also show that TOAE are a sensitive test for detecting cochlear dysfunction before symptoms become manifest, as TOAE were absent in 66.7% of subjects with normal audiometries.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

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Portadores de vitiligo: estudo das emissões otoacústicas e efeito de supressão

Angrisani¹,

Azevedo

Pereira

et al. 2009

Rev. Bras. Otorrinolaringol.

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Vi tiligo is a skin disease characterized by absence of melanin due to melanocytes destruction. Aim: to study the incidence of hearing alterations in patients with vitiligo. Method: prospective audiological evaluation, transientevoked otoacoustic emission recordings and study the effects of suppression in 24 patients with vitiligo. Their ages ranged from 15 to 45 years. Results: 21 patients (87.5%) had normal audiometry; 2 had unilateral hearing loss in the high frequencies and 1 had cochlear moderate hearing loss in the left ear. Of these 21 subjects, 66.7% had no otoacoustic emissions, suggesting cochlear dysfunction. Only 7 patients had otoacoustic emissions present in all frequencies (29.2%) and 17 (70.8%) did not have them, and the highest rate of no otoacoustic emissions happened in the right ear of males. Regarding the suppression study, 6 subjects failed, all of them were females, and their left ears were the most affected. Conclusion: the findings show that patients with vitiligo, particularly males, have a greater predisposition to cochlear dysfunction, especially in the right ear. As far as the suppression effect was concerned, there was a greater alteration in the female efferent system, particularly in the left ear. Hearing alterations did not vary as far as age is concerned, type of vitiligo and time of disease progression.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Tosti et al (1987) 16 found hearing loss in 16% of subjects with vitiligo; they raised the hypothesis that part of the melanocytes was injured by auto-immunity due to vitiligo. Auto-immunity is one of the accepted etiological theories of vitiligo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Portadores de vitiligo: estudo das emissões otoacústicas e efeito de supressão

Angrisani¹,

Azevedo

Pereira

et al. 2009

Rev. Bras. Otorrinolaringol.

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“…Ardiç et al [18] explained that Vitiligo seems to be an effective factor in hearing loss and that the mechanism for this condition might be absence of the preventive function of melanocytes in the inner ear. Tosti et al [19] found hearing loss in 16 % of subjects with Vitiligo; they raised the hypothesis that part of the melanocytes was injured by auto-immunity due to Vitiligo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Audiological and Electrophysiological Changes in Patients with Vitiligo

Arya

Munjal

Panda

et al. 2015

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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The study was conducted to evaluate the audiological and electrophysiological findings in patients with Vitiligo and to compare the findings with otologically and audiologically normal controls. Study group included 50 subjects (25 Males, 25 Females) with Vitiligo (Mean age-27.4 years) and control group contained 40 age-matched normal hearing subjects. Pure tone audiometry (PTA) with extended high frequency audiometry, Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs), Tympanometry, Auditory brainstem responses (ABR) and Middle latency responses (MLR) were conducted in all subjects. Comparison of the study group with the control group showed statistically significant differences (p \ 0.05) on PTA, in Transient otoacoustic emissions (TOAEs) at 1, 2, 3, 4 kHz and in distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) at 357, 499, 704, 1003 Hz. On ABR, statistically significant differences were observed between the groups in wave I (p \ 0.01) in both ears, wave V (p \ 0.05) in left ear and on interpeak latency of I-III (p \ 0.01, p \ 0.05), III-V (p \ 0.01 in left ear) and I-V (p \ 0.01, p \ 0.05) in left and right ears respectively. When patients with localized vitiligo were compared with generalized vitiligo, the SNR of TOAEs was highly significant in both ears at 2 KHz (p \ 0.05), 3 kHz (p \ 0.01) and 4 kHz (p \ 0.05). PTA average of 2 KHz, 4 and 8 kHz (PTA2) showed a significant difference (p \ 0.01) when localized vitiligo was compared to generalized vitiligo. Results support possible auditory and electrophysiological changes in Vitiligo patients along with decreased cochlear function.

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“…The prevalence of auditory abnormalities in vitiligo patients has ber n reported to be higher than in non-vitiligo patients (16% in 50 vitiligo compared to 0% in 40 controls). These abnormalities include minimal audiometric changes or moderate hypoacousis, either unilateral or bilateral (Tosti et al, 1987). However, only a small group of vitiligo patients were studied.…”

Section: Is Vitiligo a Systemic Disease Involvingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitiligo: Where Do We Stand?

Ortonne

Bose

1993

Pigment Cell Research

140

107

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Vitiligo is a puzzling disorder characterized by a disappearance of epidermal and/or follicular melanocytes by unknown mechanisms. This very common disorder involving 1-4% of the world population is thus of great importance for the practicing dermatologist. The cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to the destruction of melanocytes in this disorder have not yet been elucidated, making it of major interest for the cell biologist involved in melanocyte research.Recent advances in this field, due largely to the availability of techniques for culturing normal human melanocytes, opened new perspectives in the underitanding of vitiligo. Although vitiligo has long been considered a disorder confined to the skin, there is now good evidence that it also inwlves the extracutaneous compartment of the "melanocyte organ." It is also clear that vitiligo is not only a melanocyte disorder, but that it also involves cells, such as keratinocytes and Langerhans cells, found in the epidermis and follicular epithelium.The three prevailing theories of the pathogenesis of vitiligo are the immune hypothesis, the neural hypothesis, and the self-destruct hypothesis. New hypotheses suggest that vitiligo may be due to (1) a deficiency in an unidentified melanocyte growth factor, (2) an intrinsic defect of the structure and function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in vitiligo melanocytes, (3) abnormalities in a putative melatonin receptor on melanocytes and (4) a breakdown in free radical defense in the epidermis. None of these hypotheses has been demonstrated, and according to the available data, it is likely that the loss of epidermal and follicular melanocytes in vitiligo may be the result of several different pathogenetic mechanisms.

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Audiologic abnormalities in cases of vitiligo

Cited by 65 publications

References 9 publications

Portadores de vitiligo: estudo das emissões otoacústicas e efeito de supressão

Portadores de vitiligo: estudo das emissões otoacústicas e efeito de supressão

Audiological and Electrophysiological Changes in Patients with Vitiligo

Vitiligo: Where Do We Stand?

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