Abstract:APPENDIX J. LIST OF VARIABLES After reviewing the vast amount of research comparing the lecture with other forms of instruction, the lecture appears to have decreasing value in certain areas of the teaching/ learning process (Costin, 1972). "Lectures were once useful; but now, when all can read, and books are so numerous, lec tures are unnecessary.. (Boswell, 1981, p. 471). "As a means of imparting information, especially if habitually used, the formal lecture is probably the most ineffective and wasteful of a… Show more
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