Audio Anti-Spoofing Based on Audio Feature Fusion

Abstract

The rapid development of speech synthesis technology has significantly improved the naturalness and human-likeness of synthetic speech. As the technical barriers for speech synthesis are rapidly lowering, the number of illegal activities such as fraud and extortion is increasing, posing a significant threat to authentication systems, such as automatic speaker verification. This paper proposes an end-to-end speech synthesis detection model based on audio feature fusion in response to the constantly evolving synthesis techniques and to improve the accuracy of detecting synthetic speech. The model uses a pre-trained wav2vec2 model to extract features from raw waveforms and utilizes an audio feature fusion module for back-end classification. The audio feature fusion module aims to improve the model accuracy by adequately utilizing the audio features extracted from the front end and fusing the information from timeframes and feature dimensions. Data augmentation techniques are also used to enhance the performance generalization of the model. The model is trained on the training and development sets of the logical access (LA) dataset of the ASVspoof 2019 Challenge, an international standard, and is tested on the logical access (LA) and deep-fake (DF) evaluation datasets of the ASVspoof 2021 Challenge. The equal error rate (EER) on ASVspoof 2021 LA and ASVspoof 2021 DF are 1.18% and 2.62%, respectively, achieving the best results on the DF dataset.

Optimization of Coverage and Capacity Using Smart Antennae

“…In recent years, artificial intelligence methods have been applied in various fields to solve practical problems. In particular, issues such as network resource allocation and base station configuration, which belong to the realm of mathematical optimization theory, can be addressed using deep learning methods [1,2]. The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies plays a significant role in various applications, relying heavily on signal coverage rates and data transmission rates in network communications [3][4][5][6].…”