Audience Perception of Hate Speech and Foul Language in the Social Media in Nigeria: Implications for Morality and Law

Alakali, Terfa T.; Faga, Hemen Philip; Mbursa, Jinatu

doi:10.7336/academicus.2017.15.11

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Understanding the societal context of such networks entails returning to the political economy of the social transformation of capitalist society. An analytical concept network is abstract and thus unable to frame the interpretation of real-life networks, whereas theoretical concept network is an excellent crystallization of the social morphology of informational capitalism [11].…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nigerian Press Coverage of Hate Speeches in the Daily Trust, The Nation and The Guardian Newspapers

Msughter¹

2023

The Psychology of Trust

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In Nigeria, as well as in modern democratic nations, the press has always functioned as a tool for disseminating information on public affairs, interpreting government policies and programs, and providing a good platform to engage the citizens for discussion on issues affecting society. The media play a powerful role as intermediaries between political leaders and the public. The variables of frequency, location, direction, and journalistic genre were used in the study. Within this context, the study adopts content analysis. The study employs Lazarsfeld and Katz’s Two-Step Flow and Castells’ Theory of Network Society as theoretical framework. The study uses stratified sampling by days of the week and coding sheet as a method of data collection. The study found that the manifestation of hate speech was frequent in the 2015 general election. The study also found that the manifestation of hate speech had an overbearing on political news by the selected newspapers in the 2015 general election in Nigeria. The study concludes that such publications (hate speech) tend to make electorates have a different connotation to a candidate.

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Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nigerian Press Coverage of Hate Speeches in the Daily Trust, The Nation and The Guardian Newspapers

Msughter¹

2023

The Psychology of Trust

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“…Notwithstanding the recency of the incorporation of social media in the political architecture of Nigeria, some studies have been carried out to understand its impact on electoral mobilization, including the employment of hate speech in the process. The focus of such previous scholarship on hate speech, with regard to the Nigerian political system, generally centred on how political actors deployed hate speeches to advance their political interests, especially in maligning their opponents in the pre and post-election periods, as well as, in precipitating violence (Alakali, Faga & Mbursa, 2017;Fasakin et al, 2017;Ikeanyibe et al, 2017;Asogwa & Ezeibe, 2020;Ezeibe, 2021). Thus, very little attention has been devoted to the use of hate speech by political supporters and electorates, to advance their diverse political agenda and its witting or unwitting consequences on peaceful elections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Media in Politics: Interrogating Electorate-Driven Hate Speech in Nigeria's 2019 Presidential Campaigns

Nwozor

Ajakaiye

Okidu

et al. 2022

JeDEM

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Social media has become an indispensable and dominant means of communication and dissemination of information worldwide. This paper focuses on the use of Facebook by political supporters and electorates to canvass for support for their preferred presidential candidates in the 2019 general elections and the underlying hate speech that emanated therefrom. In this context, this paper seeks to critically evaluate how political supporters and electorates used the instrumentality of Facebook to share hate messages during the 2019 presidential election and its impact on Nigeria’s political space. The results of this paper indicate widespread dissemination of hate comments by political supporters and electorates in the furtherance of their support for their preferred presidential candidates. The paper advocates responsible use of Facebook in electioneering and the imperative of regulation to guard against the circulation of hate electoral comments that could heat up the political arena and trigger electoral violence.

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“…Hate speech is a social problem that if not monitored could lead to far greater consequences including war, public disorder and disrupt the stability and peaceful coexistence of the nation (Pohjonen & Udupa, 2017: Alakali et al, 2017. In Nigeria today, hate speech has become very prominent most especially in the political sphere and it is a strong instrument that can lead to total disintegration of a nation.…”

Section: Introduction Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, description of hate speech tend to be wide, sometimes even extending to embody words that are insulting of those in power or minority groups or demeaning of individuals who are particularly visible in the society. At critical times, such as during election campaigns, hate speech may be prone to manipulation; accusations of promoting hate speech may be traded among political opponents or used by those in power to curb dissent and criticism (Alakali et al, 2017;Ogbuoshi et al, 2019;James et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introduction Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is because apart from undermining the ethics of journalism profession, it is contributing in bringing disaffection among tribes, political class and religion or even among friends in the society. Alakali et al (2017) observed that Nigerian public is inundated with negative media usage, such as character assassination and negative political campaigns at the expense of dissemination of issues that help them make informed choices. Thus, newspaper organization, more than any other outfits have more responsibility and need to understand that they have a moral, legal and social obligation to protect the lives of Nigerians, through their actions or inactions.…”

Section: Introduction Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Content Analysis of Hate Speech in the 2019 General Elections in Three Nigerian Newspapers

2021

AJMRA

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All over the world, hate speech represents a form of threat to damage the lives of individuals and increase the sense of fear in entire communities. The recent trend in journalism malpractice in the country is the dissemination of hate speech and vulgar language. In this perspective, the study examined the manifestation of hate speech in the 2019 general elections in the Daily Trust, The Nation and The Guardian newspapers. The variables of frequency, location, direction as well as journalistic genre were used to examine the manifestation of hate speech in the 2019 general elections by the selected newspapers. Stratified random sampling by days of the week was used to select the editions in the three newspapers. Critical Race Theory and Critical Discourse Analysis were used as theoretical framework. Based on the findings, the study discovered that the manifestation of hate speech was more frequent on Daily Trust, follow by The Guardian in the 2019 general elections. The findings reveals that the manifestation of hate speech by the selected newspapers in 2019 general elections was significantly high in the inside pages than front and back pages. The paper also found that the manifestation of hate speech by the selected newspapers was in neutral direction in the 2019 general elections. The study concludes that hate speech is a globally-endorsed paradigm and the press, as an important institution in the democratic process plays a key role during elections. As the Fourth Estate of the Realm, the press provides the platform for narratives and discourses in the service of elections, political negotiations and other features of the contestations among politicians and other civil organizations involved in election administration. Keywords: Direction: Frequency: Hate Speech: Journalistic Genre: Prominence.

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Audience Perception of Hate Speech and Foul Language in the Social Media in Nigeria: Implications for Morality and Law

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

Nigerian Press Coverage of Hate Speeches in the Daily Trust, The Nation and The Guardian Newspapers

Nigerian Press Coverage of Hate Speeches in the Daily Trust, The Nation and The Guardian Newspapers

Social Media in Politics: Interrogating Electorate-Driven Hate Speech in Nigeria's 2019 Presidential Campaigns

Content Analysis of Hate Speech in the 2019 General Elections in Three Nigerian Newspapers

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