Atypical ulcers

Hoffman, Mark D.

doi:10.1111/dth.12048

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 133 publications

(168 reference statements)

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“…If an ulcer is present in an atypical location, its clinical appearance or symptoms are uncommon and it does not respond to conventional therapy, then suspecting an atypical aetiology is warranted …”

Section: Atypical Woundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower‐extremity ulcers: diagnosis and management

2015

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Chronic wounds of the lower extremities are occurring with increasing prevalence. They affect millions of individuals annually, representing both a significant health risk and a large economic burden. Chronic wounds are associated with increased mortality and substantial morbidity due to infection, pain, limitation of daily activities, and psychosocial consequences. To manage these wounds effectively, clinicians must be able to diagnose and manage their aetiology. Diagnosis starts with determining whether the wound is one of the four most common chronic wounds: venous leg ulcers, diabetic foot ulcers, pressure ulcers and arterial ulcers. Moreover, despite many recent advances in wound care, the challenge of managing chronic wounds is complicated by the lack of consistently accepted diagnostic methods and wound-care standards. We present a comprehensive yet condensed approach to managing lower-extremity ulcers, from diagnosis to basic management.

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Section: Atypical Woundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower‐extremity ulcers: diagnosis and management

2015

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“…32 Constitutional symptoms have been reported in up to 30% of patients. 33 The course is usually relapsing, remitting, and benign, lasting months to several years. Relapses are typical, lasting 2 to 8 weeks, although remission may occur after a course of steroids.…”

Section: Cutaneous Panmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyarteritis Nodosa

Forbess¹,

Bannykh²

2015

Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America

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Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a systemic disease, but variants are cutaneous PAN and single-organ disease. Histologic confirmation of vasculitis in medium-sized arteries is desirable, and biopsies should be obtained from the symptomatic and least invasive sites. Angiography can show multiple microaneurysms in the viscera. Treatment includes high-dose corticosteroids, which are combined with immunosuppressive agents when internal organs are involved and with life-threatening disease. Once remission is achieved, maintenance agents are initiated. PAN is becoming a rare disease. International collaborative efforts are under way to establish better diagnostic and classification for all vasculitides, including PAN.

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“…Other chronic diseases, such as peripheral vascular disease, may resemble CPAN and other vasculitic conditions due to suspected similar mechanisms and phenotypic mimicry [9]. Since many diseases may end-stage to atrophie blanche, such as hydroxyurea-related ulcers, sickle cell disease, and anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome, the differential diagnoses may be distinguished with the fact that these other disorders lack a history of previous punched-out ulceration [10]. Potential complications significantly differ between livedoid vasculitis and CPAN; accurate differentiation of the etiology would perhaps promote more effective management of care [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%