Atypical teratoma (pinealoma)

Booth, Carl B.; Schwartz, Ernest; Janis, Rosamond; Krueger, Erich G.

doi:10.1212/wnl.13.12.999

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Germino mas have been va riously called pinealo ma, supra-a nd intrasellar germinom a, dysgermino ma, ecropic pinealo ma, arypical pineal ter atom a and "a niso mo rphic pin ea lom a" (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). Th ere a re many ea rher reports base d on air-s tudies and isotop e sca ns (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13), but to our knowledge the computenomog raphical appeara nces o f pati ents with arypical pineal terat ornas and with on dis ranr vision which had been p resent for two months prior ro admission. An ophthal mological exa mination revealed a co mplere pa lsy of u pwa rd gaze and bilate ra lly dila ted p up ils no n-reactive to light .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical pineal teratoma: clinical and computer tomographic features of two patients with disseminated ependymal lesions

Aichner¹,

Mayr²,

Skrabal³

et al. 1984

Minim Invasive Neurosurg

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical pineal teratoma: clinical and computer tomographic features of two patients with disseminated ependymal lesions

Aichner¹,

Mayr²,

Skrabal³

et al. 1984

Minim Invasive Neurosurg

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Die Teratome des Zentralnervensystems

Herrschaft

1968

Deutsche Zeitschrift f. Nervenheilkunde

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Detailed Characterization ofp-Toluenesulfonic Acid Monohydrate as a Convenient, Recoverable, Safe, and Selective Catalyst for Alkylation of the Aromatic Nucleus

And

Wimalasena

1998

J. Org. Chem.

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Alkylation of the aromatic nucleus, an important reaction in industry and synthetic organic chemistry, has traditionally been carried out by the well-known Friedel-Crafts reaction employing Lewis acid catalysts such as AlCl 3 and BF 3 or by using highly reactive organometallic reagents. Although protic acids such as anhydrous HF and concentrated H 2 SO 4 have also been used in the alkylation of the aromatic nucleus, the notoriously corrosive, highly toxic, and hazardous nature of these agents has precluded their common use under ordinary laboratory conditions. Various organic sulfonic acids have, on occasion, been used as catalysts in Friedel-Crafts alkylations, but to our knowledge the chemistry and the scope of these reactions for common laboratory use have never been exploited in detail. In the present study we have characterized commercially available p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (TsOH) as an efficient catalyst for the intermolecular coupling of the aromatic nucleus with activated alkyl halides, alkenes, or tosylates under mild conditions in an open atmosphere. In comparison to conventional Friedel-Crafts catalysts such as AlCl 3 , BF 3 , HF, and concentrated H 2 SO 4 , the extent of the formation of undesired products from side reactions such as transalkylation, polymerization, etc. was minimal with the TsOH-catalyzed reaction. The ability to recover and reuse the catalyst from the reaction mixtures, minimal generation of environmentally unfriendly waste, high specificity of the reaction, and the low cost of the catalyst are important advantages of the TsOH catalyst over the other conventional Friedel-Crafts catalysts.

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Atypical teratoma (pinealoma)

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Atypical pineal teratoma: clinical and computer tomographic features of two patients with disseminated ependymal lesions

Atypical pineal teratoma: clinical and computer tomographic features of two patients with disseminated ependymal lesions

Die Teratome des Zentralnervensystems

Detailed Characterization ofp-Toluenesulfonic Acid Monohydrate as a Convenient, Recoverable, Safe, and Selective Catalyst for Alkylation of the Aromatic Nucleus

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