Atypical Parkinsonism

Stamelou, María; Bhatia, Kailash P.

doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2014.09.012

Cited by 35 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…In most cases of PSP, the subthalamic nucleus, substantia nigra, and globus pallidus internus display coiled bodies [15]. The cardinal symptoms of this neurodegenerative disorder are vertical gaze palsy, gait impairment, postural instability, and bradykinesia -similar to that in Parkinson's disease [2,16,17]. Cognitive decline is also a prominent nonmotor symptom [16,17].…”

Section: Tauopathiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The current gold standard for diagnosing PSP and CBD is a postmortem evaluation of neuropathology [2]. Other pathological tests, which include cerebrospinal fluid measuring phosphorylated tau and structural MRI, are not accurate enough for a definitive diagnosis [17,38].…”

Section: Applications Of Tau Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All other parkinsonian disorders fall under the umbrella of atypical parkinsonism [1]. The main atypical parkinsonian disorders are progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), cortico-basal degeneration (CBD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and dementia with Lewy bodies [2]. There can be significant symptom overlap between these movement disorders, making clinical diagnosis very challenging; therefore, the most reliable method of differentiation is pathology [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main atypical parkinsonian disorders are progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), cortico-basal degeneration (CBD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and dementia with Lewy bodies [2]. There can be significant symptom overlap between these movement disorders, making clinical diagnosis very challenging; therefore, the most reliable method of differentiation is pathology [2]. Parkinson's disease, MSA, and dementia with Lewy bodies present with aggregation of α-synuclein, a central nervous system protein, whereas PSP and CBD are characterized by pathological tau [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging pathological tau in atypical parkinsonian disorders

Coakeley

Strafella

2015

Current Opinion in Neurology

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Purpose of review-This review examines the current literature on tau imaging in atypical parkinsonian disorders and other tauopathies.Recent findings-There are a number of tau PET radiotracers that have demonstrated promising preliminary results in atypical parkinsonian disorders, such as progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal degeneration. These radiotracers were capable of selectively labeling tau in vitro and in vivo, with high affinity. Other radiotracers tested more extensively in patients with Alzheimer's disease have also been able to successfully image tau deposition.Summary-The development of tau radioligands for PET has led to the current testing of these tracers in clinical studies, many of which concentrate on patients with Alzheimer's disease. Atypical parkinsonian disorders such as progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal degeneration are now being investigated as well. These disorders can be very difficult to diagnose, because of their clinical overlap with other parkinsonian disorders. Imaging tau using PET could serve as a diagnostic biomarker for these tauopathies and provide a means of assessing treatment that targets tau burden.

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Section: Tauopathiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Applications Of Tau Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Imaging pathological tau in atypical parkinsonian disorders

Coakeley

Strafella

2015

Current Opinion in Neurology

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“…In regard to PSP and CBD, in clinical practice, treatment options are limited to a levodopa trial (up to 1 g/d) and amantadine for parkinsonism and gait disturbance as well as valproate or levetiracetam for myoclonus [29]. Although not sufficiently studied, botulinum toxin injections can be helpful to relieve dystonic spasms of the hand or to treat levator inhibition [30].…”

Section: Current Pharmacological Chances In Apsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Treatments of Atypical Parkinsonism

Vito¹

2016

Challenges in Parkinson's Disease

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Success in treating patients with atypical parkinsonism remains exceedingly low. It is particularly important for both neurologists and general practitioners to have a guideline in the actual possible cure options. This study reviews the limited available literature reporting treatment trials about treatment in parkinsonism. Various therapeutical approaches have been tried with rasagiline, immunoglobulin, autologous mesenchymal stem cells, davunetide, lithium, and tideglusib. Recently, transdermal rotigotine (RTG) has been proposed for the treatment of atypical parkinsonism, as well as deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) alone or combined with globus pallidus internus (Gpi) stimulation. The outcomes reviewed here highlight the need for the development of randomized, placebo-controlled trials to validate outcomes about rotigotine, DBS, and all other new therapies directed at altering the underlying biological mechanisms involved in the disease process.

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