‘Atypical’ mycobacteria in milk

Dunn, Beth L.; Hodgson, David J.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1982.tb05067.x

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…This mycobacterial species is the most common type of mastitis-associated NTM and was reported to be the etiological agent in 17 cases of mastitis in cattle [35]. The bacterium has also been isolated from raw-milk samples collected from bulk tanks [36], and in Brazil, M. fortuitum has been isolated from milk samples from cows with a positive reaction to the tuberculin test [37]. The occurrence of chronic and fibrosing mastitis, which is associated with Mycobacterium spp., is typically due to the excessive intramammary use of oily or antimicrobial drugs for mastitis treatment or is secondary to severe cases of clinical mastitis, as these bacteria act as opportunistic pathogens [35,38].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of mycobacteria in bovine milk samples from both individual and collective bulk tanks at farms and informal markets in the southeast region of Sao Paulo, Brazil

et al. 2013

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BackgroundMycobacterium spp. is one of the most important species of zoonotic pathogens that can be transmitted from cattle to humans. The presence of these opportunistic, pathogenic bacteria in bovine milk has emerged as a public-health concern, especially among individuals who consume raw milk and related dairy products. To address this concern, the Brazilian control and eradication program focusing on bovine tuberculosis, was established in 2001. However, bovine tuberculosis continues to afflict approximately 1,3 percent of the cattle in Brazil. In the present study, 300 samples of milk from bovine herds, obtained from both individual and collective bulk tanks and informal points of sale, were cultured on Löwenstein-Jensen and Stonebrink media. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based tests and restriction-enzyme pattern analysis were then performed on the colonies exhibiting phenotypes suggestive of Mycobacterium spp., which were characterized as acid-fast bacilli.ResultsOf the 300 bovine milk samples that were processed, 24 were positively identified as Mycobacterium spp.Molecular identification detected 15 unique mycobacterial species: Mycobacterium bovis, M. gordonae, M. fortuitum, M. intracellulare, M. flavescens, M. duvalii, M. haemophilum, M. immunogenum, M. lentiflavum, M. mucogenicum, M. novocastrense, M. parafortuitum, M. smegmatis, M. terrae and M. vaccae. The isolation of bacteria from the various locations occurred in the following proportions: 9 percent of the individual bulk-tank samples, 7 percent of the collective bulk-tank samples and 8 percent of the informal-trade samples. No statistically significant difference was observed between the presence of Mycobacterium spp. in the three types of samples collected, the milk production profiles, the presence of veterinary assistance and the reported concerns about bovine tuberculosis prevention in the herds.ConclusionThe microbiological cultures associated with PCR-based identification tests are possible tools for the investigation of the presence of Mycobacterium spp. in milk samples. Using these methods, we found that the Brazilian population may be regularly exposed to mycobacteria by consuming raw bovine milk and related dairy products. These evidences reinforces the need to optimize quality programs of dairy products, to intensify the sanitary inspection of these products and the necessity of further studies on the presence of Mycobacterium spp. in milk and milk-based products.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of mycobacteria in bovine milk samples from both individual and collective bulk tanks at farms and informal markets in the southeast region of Sao Paulo, Brazil

et al. 2013

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“…In addition to waters and soils, M. avium complex organisms have been isolated from bronchoscopes (120), raw milk (132), and cigarettes (134).…”

Section: Sources Of the M Avium Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of infection by nontuberculous mycobacteria

1996

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“…Mycobacterium scrofulaceum is an opportunistic pathogen of humans that can be isolated from environmental sources such as house dust, soil, water, and sewage (6,17,23,24,60) and foods such as pooled oysters, raw milk, and other dairy products (8,10,21,25,31). The species name for M. scrofulaceum is derived from the word scrofula, the historic term used to describe mycobacterial infections of cervical lymph nodes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Identification and subspecific differentiation of Mycobacterium scrofulaceum by automated sequencing of a region of the gene (hsp65) encoding a 65-kilodalton heat shock protein

1996

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Mycobacterium scrofulaceum is most commonly recovered from children with cervical lymphadenitis, although it also accounts for approximately 2% of the mycobacterial infections in AIDS patients. Species assignment of M. scrofulaceum isolates by conventional techniques can be difficult and time-consuming. To develop a strategy for rapid species assignment of these organisms, a 360-bp region of the gene (hsp65) encoding a 65-kDa heat shock protein in 37 isolates from diverse sources was sequenced. Eight hsp65 alleles were identified, and these sequences formed phylogenetic clusters and lineages largely distinct from other Mycobacterium species. There was incomplete correlation between serovar designation and hsp65 allele assignment. The hsp65 data correlated strongly with the results of sequence analysis of the gene coding for 16S rRNA. Automated DNA sequencing of a 360-bp region of the hsp65 gene provides a rapid and unambiguous method for species assignment of these acid-fast organisms for diagnostic purposes.

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‘Atypical’ mycobacteria in milk

Abstract: Seventy‐seven isolates of ‘atypical’ mycobacteria were obtained from 288 raw milk samples but no isolates were made from 76 samples of pasteurized milk. Thirty‐two clinically important ‘atypical’ mycobacteria were isolated.

Cited by 22 publications

References 6 publications

Occurrence of mycobacteria in bovine milk samples from both individual and collective bulk tanks at farms and informal markets in the southeast region of Sao Paulo, Brazil

Occurrence of mycobacteria in bovine milk samples from both individual and collective bulk tanks at farms and informal markets in the southeast region of Sao Paulo, Brazil

Epidemiology of infection by nontuberculous mycobacteria

Identification and subspecific differentiation of Mycobacterium scrofulaceum by automated sequencing of a region of the gene (hsp65) encoding a 65-kilodalton heat shock protein

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