Atypical mitochondrial DNA from the deep-sea scallop
            <i>Placopecten magellanicus</i>

Snyder, Mark A.; Fraser, Alan R.; LaRoche, Julie; Gartner-Kepkay, K. E.; Ζούρος, Ε.

doi:10.1073/pnas.84.21.7595

Cited by 77 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…The mtDNA recombination observed in triploid crucian carp seemed to be different from other mtDNA recombination found in the nematode M. javanica (Lunt and Hyman 1997) and various other animal species (Solignac et al 1986;Snyder et al 1987;Rand and Harrison 1989;Buroker et al 1990;Ludwig et al 2000). The latter type of mtDNA recombination was mediated by a mechanism of unequal crossing over that resulted in products of unequal lengths of mtDNA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Evidence for Recombination of Mitochondrial DNA in Triploid Crucian Carp

Guo

Liu

2006

Genetics

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In this study, we report the complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences of the allotetraploid and triploid crucian carp and compare the complete mtDNA sequences between the triploid crucian carp and its female parent Japanese crucian carp and between the triploid crucian carp and its male parent allotetraploid. Our results indicate that the complete mtDNA nucleotide identity (98%) between the triploid crucian carp and its male parent allotetraploid was higher than that (93%) between the triploid crucian carp and its female parent Japanese crucian carp. Moreover, the presence of a pattern of identity and difference at synonymous sites of mitochondrial genomes between the triploid crucian carp and its parents provides direct evidence that triploid crucian carp possessed the recombination mtDNA fragment (12,759 bp) derived from the paternal fish. These results suggest that mtDNA recombination was derived from the fusion of the maternal and paternal mtDNAs. Compared with the haploid egg with one set of genome from the Japanese crucian carp, the diploid sperm with two sets of genomes from the allotetraploid could more easily make its mtDNA fuse with the mtDNA of the haploid egg. In addition, the triple hybrid nature of the triploid crucian carp probably allowed its better mtDNA recombination. In summary, our results provide the first evidence of mtDNA combination in polyploid fish.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Evidence for Recombination of Mitochondrial DNA in Triploid Crucian Carp

Guo

Liu

2006

Genetics

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“…The additional Hpa II fragments seen in the two mtDNA lanes map elsewhere in the genome (20). (b and c) mtDNA from the three sisters H709, H512, and H576 ( to humans (16,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39). In all those cases examined at a detailed level, a repeated sequence element was involved.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unequal partitioning of bovine mitochondrial genotypes among siblings.

Laipis

Walle

Hauswirth

1988

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Two polymorphic mitochondrial DNA genomes, differing by a single Hpa II restriction site, are present at significantly different levels in tissue of three sibling dairy cows. The relative ratio of the two heteroplasmic molecules varies 3-fold among these three animals and documents a rapid segregation of mitochondrial genotypes in mammals. DNA sequencing shows the difference is due to a single guanine at position 364 in bovine mitochondrial DNA. A model involving unequal partitioning of the two ampliflied mitochondrial DNA species during the early cell divisions of the embryo can explain the appearance of such variation in heteroplasmic sibling animals. The model provides a basis for understanding the rapid DNA sequence variation observed in vertebrate mitochondrial DNA despite its high copy number and strict maternal inheritance.The mechanism of inheritance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in vertebrates is poorly understood. It appears to be maternally inherited in all higher eukaryotes (1-4), although the molecular basis ofthis restriction is unknown. The mechanism of inheritance must accommodate this transmission bias and should account for the numerous sequence differences present between the mtDNA of individuals within a species, as well as between the mtDNAs of closely related species (5)(6)(7)(8). The rate of sequence change has been estimated to be at least 10 times faster than the rates of nucleotide sequence change in mammalian nuclear genes (8); this rapid sequence divergence occurs in the context of a high ploidy of mtDNA in both somatic and germ-line cells (9-12). We previously reported (13-16) Hpa II site is therefore an unambiguous marker for following the segregation of heteroplasmic mitochondria. Two siblings in this Holstein lineage are shown to contain approximately equal proportions of these two mtDNA species, whereas a significant difference is found in the level of heteroplasmy in a third sibling. This suggests that polymorphic mtDNA may partition unequally during either female germ-line development or early embryogenesis to yield progeny with different levels of heteroplasmy. Such a process would rapidly lead to fixation and hence mitochondrial gene evolution. MATERIALS AND METHODSAll of the animals described were Holstein cows registered with the Holstein-Fresian Association of America and were born, bred, and maintained in the Dairy Research Unit herd of the University of Florida (Gainesville). Record keeping and factors affecting the H15 pedigree accuracy have been discussed (13-15). Due to herd management and the time over which this pedigree has developed, a number of animals had been culled and were no longer available for analysis when this study was begun, including H15 (pedigree founder, purchased February 15, 1955, died June 6, 1966, and H308 (born October 25, 1969, died September 1, 1978. mtDNAs from brains or livers of culled animals were prepared from purified mitochondria (19). All sequence coordinates refer to the bovine mtDNA sequence of Anderson et al. (20); the mtD...

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“…Two fragments of mtDNA, which showed no evidence of length variation after restriction digest screening of a number of individuals, were chosen for sequencing; a 2 kb EcoRl-Hindlil fragment and a 3.85 kb HindIII-HindIII fragment. MtDNA for ligation was purified as above from a single animal except that two bouts of sucrose gradient centrifugation (Snyder et al, 1987) were used to ensure complete separation of mitochondria from nuclei. Restriction enzyme-treated mtDNA was ligated into pBluescript KS (Stratagene) using standard protocols (Sambrook et a!., 1989) and used to transform competent XL1-blue E. coli.…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The marker of choice for the majority of population level comparisons has been the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the mtDNA molecule has been widely applied to marine species (Ovenden, 1990). However, recent work has shown that in many scallops (Snyder et a!., 1987;Gjetvaj et al, 1992;Repin & Brykov, 1992;Boulding et al, 1993), including P maximus (Rigaa et al, 1993), mtDNA length differences between individuals and species are extensive. Pecten maximus mtDNA is variable in length as a result of varying numbers of a tandemly repeated 1.55 kb element (Rigaa et al, 1993(Rigaa et al, , 1995.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial DNA variation in the scallop Pecten maximus (L.) assessed by a PCR-RFLP method

1997

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Two PCR-RFLP mitochondrial DNA (nitDNA) markers were developed through the cloning and sequencing of mtDNA from the scallop Pecten maximus, and were used to study genetic differentiation of UK and Atlantic coast populations of this species. Although no distinct pattern of mtDNA haplotype frequencies was apparent and no diagnostic haplotypes were identified for any population, sequence divergence data provided convincing evidence that a P maximus sample taken from Muiroy Bay, Eire, a semi-enclosed sea lough, was genetically differentiated from all other samples. However, this could not be unequivocally attributed to a restriction in gene flow, as the sample consisted of an ongrown single spatfall, which may not have been representative of the wild population. Despite the inability to separate populations on the basis of haplotype frequency, it was noteworthy that the frequency pattern of the commonest haplotype varied between sampling sites in a manner similar to that of allozyme allele frequencies in Aequipecten opercularis, a scallop species with a similar distribution and life history, for which there is evidence of population subdivision. Pecten maximus from St Brieuc Bay, reasoned to be a self-recruiting population from reproductive and physiological evidence, could not be separated froni other populations using mtDNA markers. Further investigation of this population with alternative markers is warranted.

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Atypical mitochondrial DNA from the deep-sea scallop Placopecten magellanicus

Cited by 77 publications

References 25 publications

Evidence for Recombination of Mitochondrial DNA in Triploid Crucian Carp

Evidence for Recombination of Mitochondrial DNA in Triploid Crucian Carp

Unequal partitioning of bovine mitochondrial genotypes among siblings.

Mitochondrial DNA variation in the scallop Pecten maximus (L.) assessed by a PCR-RFLP method

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