Atypical<i>Plasmodium vivax</i>Malaria in a Traveler: Bilateral Hydronephrosis, Severe Thrombocytopenia, and Hypotension

Rifakis, Pedro M.; Hernandez, Osdalys; Fernández, Carmen T.; Rodríguez‐Morales, Alfonso J.; Von, Anna; Franco‐Paredes, Carlos

doi:10.1111/j.1708-8305.2007.00178.x

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…These aspects not only have been reported in many studies elsewhere, in adults [32][33][34][35] and children [30,36,37] but also have been included recently in the review of WHO on severe malaria [29], where it was acknowledged that P. vivax can cause complicated and severe disease. In the WHO review, P. vivax severe malaria includes: severe anemia, acute lung injury (ALI) and respiratory distress, acute kidney injury, shock and multi-organ dysfunction, bacterial co-infection and bacteremia, coma and other vivax-associated neurological complications, splenic rupture and infarction, among other complications [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Severe and benign Plasmodium vivax malaria in Emberá (Amerindian) children and adolescents from an endemic municipality in Western Colombia

Medina-Morales

Montoya-Franco

Sanchez-Aristizabal

et al. 2016

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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Malaria in children is still an important public health problem in endemic areas of South-East Asia and Latin America. Certain forms of the disease, such as Plasmodium vivax severe malaria, are still neglected. This descriptive study assessed the frequency of severe and benign P. vivax infection in Emberá children (<14 years of age) from an endemic municipality in Colombia in 2013, using the WHO criteria. During 2013, 270 Emberá children presented 349 episodes of malaria. From them, 22 (8.1%) presented at least one of the criteria for severe malaria. Some patients with P. vivax presented with severe malaria (severe anemia, renal dysfunction, respiratory distress and seizure). Mixed malaria cases presented more complications than those with monoinfection (OR=5.535; 95%CI 1.81-16.9). In Colombia, few data are available about severe P. vivax malaria in children, especially in the Amerindian ethnic groups. Mixed infections were associated with increased risk of severe malaria. At the same time, detailed and prospective studies are needed to measure the real impact of severe vivax malaria, as was evidenced in this paper.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Severe and benign Plasmodium vivax malaria in Emberá (Amerindian) children and adolescents from an endemic municipality in Western Colombia

Medina-Morales

Montoya-Franco

Sanchez-Aristizabal

et al. 2016

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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“…Although there have been significant reductions in malaria incidence in the Americas [12], this tropical disease continues to be a public health threat in many countries and certain areas [20], particularly affecting the most vulnerable populations, in locations where people are living in rural and poverty conditions [21]. This is the case for the endemic zones of Colombia, such as those in the Coffee Triangle region, where the malaria burden is still significant in rural municipalities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Mapping malaria in municipalities of the Coffee Triangle region of Colombia using Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Rodríguez‐Morales

Orrego-Acevedo

Zambrano-Muñoz

et al. 2015

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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Geographical Information Systems (GIS) have been used extensively for the development of epidemiological maps of malaria but not in the Coffee Triangle region of Colombia, endemic for P. vivax, P. falciparum and P. malariae. Surveillance case data (2007-2011) were used to estimate annual incidence rates per Plasmodium spp. (cases/100,000 pop) to develop the first malaria maps in the 53 municipalities of this region (departments Caldas, Quindío, Risaralda). The GIS software used was Kosmo Desktop 3.0RC1(®). Thirty thematic maps were developed according to the municipalities, years, parasite etiology, and uncomplicated and complicated cases. A total of 6582 cases were reported (6478 uncomplicated and 104 complicated, 77.8% Risaralda), for a cumulated rate of 269.46 cases/100,000 pop. Among uncomplicated cases, 5722 corresponded to P. vivax (234.25 cases/100,000 pop), 475 to P. falciparum (19.45 cases/100,000 pop), 8 to P. malariae (0.33 cases/100,000 pop) and 273 mixed (P. falciparum/P. vivax) (11.18 cases/100,000 pop). The highest rate reported was in the more undeveloped and rural municipality of Risaralda (Pueblo Rico, 57.7 cases/1000 pop, 2009). The burden of disease was concentrated in one department (>75% of the region). The use of GIS-based epidemiological maps helps to guide decision-making for the prevention and control of this public health problem that still represents a significant issue in the region and the country, particularly in children.

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“…Reports of vivax malaria marked by delirium, seizures, renal failure, shock, hepatic dysfunction, severe anemia, lung injury, pulmonary edema, and acute respiratory distress have come from South and Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and South America (23,24,36,108,120,122,128,131,139,140,146,149,150,160,170,181,182,193,206,208,215,216,222,225,228,240), including one case of Plasmodium ovale (182). Some of those reports (24,36,128,139,170,193,206,240) applied PCR diagnostics to rule out cryptic or misdiagnosed falciparum malaria infection of these patients, and some effectively ruled out other infectious agents.…”

Section: A Malignant Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance to Therapies for Infection by Plasmodium vivax

2009

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SUMMARY The gravity of the threat posed by vivax malaria to public health has been poorly appreciated. The widely held misperception of Plasmodium vivax as being relatively infrequent, benign, and easily treated explains its nearly complete neglect across the range of biological and clinical research. Recent evidence suggests a far higher and more-severe disease burden imposed by increasingly drug-resistant parasites. The two frontline therapies against vivax malaria, chloroquine and primaquine, may be failing. Despite 60 years of nearly continuous use of these drugs, their respective mechanisms of activity, resistance, and toxicity remain unknown. Although standardized means of assessing therapeutic efficacy against blood and liver stages have not been developed, this review examines the provisional in vivo, ex vivo, and animal model systems for doing so. The rationale, design, and interpretation of clinical trials of therapies for vivax malaria are discussed in the context of the nuance and ambiguity imposed by the hypnozoite. Fielding new drug therapies against real-world vivax malaria may require a reworking of the strategic framework of drug development, namely, the conception, testing, and evaluation of sets of drugs designed for the cure of both blood and liver asexual stages as well as the sexual blood stages within a single therapeutic regimen.

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AtypicalPlasmodium vivaxMalaria in a Traveler: Bilateral Hydronephrosis, Severe Thrombocytopenia, and Hypotension

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

Severe and benign Plasmodium vivax malaria in Emberá (Amerindian) children and adolescents from an endemic municipality in Western Colombia

Severe and benign Plasmodium vivax malaria in Emberá (Amerindian) children and adolescents from an endemic municipality in Western Colombia

Mapping malaria in municipalities of the Coffee Triangle region of Colombia using Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Resistance to Therapies for Infection by Plasmodium vivax

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