Atypical development of attentional control associates with later adaptive functioning, autism and ADHD traits

Hendry, Alexandra; Jones, Emily J.H.; Bedford, Rachael; Konke, Linn Andersson; Ali, Jannath Begum; Bölte, Sven; Brocki, Karin C.; Demurie, Ellen; Johnson, Mark H.; Pijl, Mirjam K.J.; Roeyers, Herbert; Charman, Tony

doi:10.31234/osf.io/t9swg

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…When we plotted the non‐standardized mean scores for the attention scales (Figure S4), our results partially aligned with those of Hendry et al. (2020). For instance, our low attention shifting profile aligned most closely to Hendry et al.’s plateaued attention profile, which was characterized by high scores on the infancy attention scale followed by a plateau at 24 months on the two attention scales.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Precursors of self‐regulation in infants at elevated likelihood for autism spectrum disorder

Garon

Zwaigenbaum

Bryson

et al. 2022

Developmental Science

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Research concerning temperament in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has suggested a consistent profile of low positive affect, high negative affect, and low regulation (Visser et al., 2016). One area receiving less attention is individual differences among children diagnosed with ASD. The primary objective of this study was to use a person‐centered approach to explore heterogeneity of early temperament precursors of regulation in a large sample of infants with elevated familial likelihood of ASD. Early precursors of regulation included temperament assessed at 6, 12, and 24 months whereas outcome measures were diagnosis of ASD, cognitive ability and adaptive behavior at 36 months. Participants included 176 low‐likelihood and 473 elevated‐likelihood infants, 129 of whom were diagnosed with ASD at 3 years. Results supported a three‐profile solution: a well‐regulated profile (high positive affect and high attentional focus and shifting), a low attention focus profile (higher attentional shifting compared to attentional focus), and a low attention shifting profile (higher attentional focus compared to attentional shifting). A higher proportion of children diagnosed with ASD were classified into the low attention shifting profile. Furthermore, children with the well‐regulated profile were differentiated from the other profiles by a pattern of higher social competence and lower dysregulation whereas children with the low attention focus profile were distinguished from the other profiles by higher cognitive ability at 3 years. The findings indicate that the combination of early positive affect with attention measures may provide an enhanced tool for prediction of self‐regulation and later outcomes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Precursors of self‐regulation in infants at elevated likelihood for autism spectrum disorder

Garon

Zwaigenbaum

Bryson

et al. 2022

Developmental Science

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“…Researchers have also found evidence of impaired attention control among individuals with autism spectrum disorder (Minshew et al, 1999). Notably, recent work by Hendry et al (2020) delineates how measurement of attention control may serve as an important indicator of risk for development of symptoms of autism spectrum disorder, ADHD, and functional impairments among infants.…”

Section: Neurodevelopmental Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of attention control in complex real-world tasks

et al. 2022

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Working memory capacity is an important psychological construct, and many real-world phenomena are strongly associated with individual differences in working memory functioning. Although working memory and attention are intertwined, several studies have recently shown that individual differences in the general ability to control attention is more strongly predictive of human behavior than working memory capacity. In this review, we argue that researchers would therefore generally be better suited to studying the role of attention control rather than memory-based abilities in explaining real-world behavior and performance in humans. The review begins with a discussion of relevant literature on the nature and measurement of both working memory capacity and attention control, including recent developments in the study of individual differences of attention control. We then selectively review existing literature on the role of both working memory and attention in various applied settings and explain, in each case, why a switch in emphasis to attention control is warranted. Topics covered include psychological testing, cognitive training, education, sports, police decision-making, human factors, and disorders within clinical psychology. The review concludes with general recommendations and best practices for researchers interested in conducting studies of individual differences in attention control.

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“…A somewhat different approach, particularly helpful where we are examining development over a profile of measures simultaneously, is to use a (preferably model‐based) data‐reduction tool such as multivariate growth or trajectory model to reduce variation to a limited number of distinct parameters (such as random intercepts and slopes) or groups (latent classes). These can then be examined for their association with early risk markers and moderators (Hendry et al, 2020). While such an approach can give considerable insight, the feature of the first stage in which information from multiple time‐points is exploited simultaneously can make establishing the causal status of the associations with moderators operating within the interval of those time‐points difficult.…”

Section: From Framework To Testable Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual Research Review: Anterior Modifiers in the Emergence of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (AMEND)—a systems neuroscience approach to common developmental disorders

Johnson

Charman

Pickles

et al. 2021

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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We present the Anterior Modifiers in the Emergence of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (AMEND) framework, designed to reframe the field of prospective studies of neurodevelopmental disorders. In AMEND we propose conceptual, statistical and methodological approaches to separating markers of early‐stage perturbations from later developmental modifiers. We describe the evidence for, and features of, these interacting components before outlining analytical approaches to studying how different profiles of early perturbations and later modifiers interact to produce phenotypic outcomes. We suggest this approach could both advance our theoretical understanding and clinical approach to the emergence of developmental psychopathology in early childhood.

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Atypical development of attentional control associates with later adaptive functioning, autism and ADHD traits

Cited by 6 publications

References 57 publications

Precursors of self‐regulation in infants at elevated likelihood for autism spectrum disorder

Precursors of self‐regulation in infants at elevated likelihood for autism spectrum disorder

The role of attention control in complex real-world tasks

Annual Research Review: Anterior Modifiers in the Emergence of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (AMEND)—a systems neuroscience approach to common developmental disorders

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