Atypical Antipsychotics in Children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders

Chavez, Benjamin; Chavez-Brown, Mapy; Sopko, Michael A; Rey, José A

doi:10.2165/00148581-200709040-00006

Cited by 27 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…This scale (www.pearsonassessments.com/ pai/) measures a range of psychiatric functions in children between ages 3 and 21. The authors examined its three clinical composite indices (the Externalizing Scale, Internalizing Scale, and Behavioral Symptom Index or BSI), which comprise nine subscales, which were also examined: (1) Aggression, (2) Anxiety, (3) Attention problems, (4) Atypicality, (5) Conduct problems, (6) Depression, (7) Hyperactivity, (8) Somatization, and (9) Withdrawal subscales. A number of studies have supported the scale's structural and validity properties in children who have disruptive behavior 27 and in assessing the unusual thoughts and attention symptoms in children with an ASD, 26,28,29 epilepsy, 30 and for its use with preschool children.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] Such treatments appeal to patients both for ''push'' factors (dissatisfaction with traditional approaches, such as the side-effect burden of medications 4 ) as well as ''pull factors'' (an increased sense of agency that patients feel with nontraditional approaches). 5 As recently reviewed, 6,7 there is limited evidence to evaluate such treatments for children with ASD, but insufficient evidence exists to rule out their potential benefit in most cases.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Relaxation Response–Based Yoga Improves Functioning in Young Children with Autism: A Pilot Study

Rosenblatt

Gorantla

Torres

et al. 2011

The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine

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Objectives: The study objectives were to develop and objectively assess the therapeutic effect of a novel movement-based complementary and alternative medicine approach for children with an autism-spectrum disorder (ASD). Design: A within-subject analysis comparing pre-to post-treatment scores on two standard measures of childhood behavioral problems was used. Settings and location: The intervention and data analysis occurred at a tertiary care, medical school teaching hospital. Subjects: Twenty-four (24) children aged 3-16 years with a diagnosis of an ASD comprised the study group. Intervention: The efficacy of an 8-week multimodal yoga, dance, and music therapy program based on the relaxation response (RR) was developed and examined. Outcome measures: The study outcome was measured using The Behavioral Assessment System for Children, Second Edition (BASC-2) and the Aberrant Behavioral Checklist (ABC). Results: Robust changes were found on the BASC-2, primarily for 5-12-year-old children. Unexpectedly, the post-treatment scores on the Atypicality scale of the BASC-2, which measures some of the core features of autism, changed significantly ( p = 0.003). Conclusions: A movement-based, modified RR program, involving yoga and dance, showed efficacy in treating behavioral and some core features of autism, particularly for latency-age children.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relaxation Response–Based Yoga Improves Functioning in Young Children with Autism: A Pilot Study

Rosenblatt

Gorantla

Torres

et al. 2011

The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine

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“…However, the main indication for the use of antipsychotics appears to be to control temper tantrums, irritability, aggression and rapid mood changes. Six RCTs support the use of risperidone in reducing these behaviours (Chavez 2007). An RCT of olanzapine (Hollander 2006) found an overall improvement on the Clinicians Global Impressions-Improvement (CGI-I) scale, but no changes in aggression or irritability.…”

Section: Pervasive Developmental Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An RCT of olanzapine (Hollander 2006) found an overall improvement on the Clinicians Global Impressions-Improvement (CGI-I) scale, but no changes in aggression or irritability. There is less evidence supporting the use of other SGAs such as ziprasidone and aripiprazole (Chavez 2007). A small RCT by Luby et al (2006) pointed to the relative safety of risperidone in the pre-school population (children under 5 years old), which is important as this is an age group likely to be targeted for this developmental disorder.…”

Section: Pervasive Developmental Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Prescribing antipsychotics for children and adolescents

James¹

2010

Adv. psychiatr. treat

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SummaryThe prescription of antipsychotic medication in children and adolescents (<18 years of age) has increased immensely for a wide range of disorders including psychoses, bipolar disorder, conduct disorder, pervasive developmental disorder and obsessive–compulsive disorder. This has led to some concerns particularly as the evidence base in some areas is not strong, and antipsychotic medication – both first generation (FGA) and second generation (SGA) – is associated with considerable side-effects. Evidence from an increasing number of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) points to therapeutic efficacy with moderate to large effect sizes. However, some RCTs have a small number of participants, are of short duration, and many are industry funded. The use of antipsychotics alongside psychosocial interventions can be recommended in certain disorders, provided there is continued, careful monitoring. It is important to note, however, that for many conditions the use of antipsychotics is not licensed in the UK.

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“…Youth with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are often prescribed medication treatments to help with maladaptive behaviors (Campbell et al 1978;Cohen et al 1980;Naruse et al 1982;Anderson et al 1984;McDougle et al 1998;Aman et al 2005;Chavez et al 2007;Doyle and McDougle 2012). Both aripiprazole and risperidone have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat the irritability of autism, and short-term studies have demonstrated safety and preliminary efficacy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%