Attributional “Tunnel Vision” in Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder

Schilling, Lisa M.; Moritz, Steffen; Schneider, Brooke C.; Bierbrodt, Julia; Nagel, Matthias

doi:10.1521/pedi_2015_29_181

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Two psychometric studies suggest that BPD characteristics are associated with an external locus of control (Hope et al, 2018;Pinto et al, 1996). Other studies have shown that patients with BPD appear to consider themselves to be the predominant cause of adverse events (Schilling et al, 2015;Winter et al, 2015). These results, combined with recent attention to BPD patients' mistrust of others (Fonagy et al, 2017), altogether support the hypothesis that BPD is associated with poor attribution of actions and intentions to agents.…”

Section: Self and Interpersonal Functioning Impairments In Bpdmentioning

confidence: 88%

The Cognitive, Ecological, and Developmental Origins of Self-disturbance in Borderline Personality Disorder

Baptista¹,

Cohen²,

Jacquet³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Self-disturbance is recognized as a key symptom of Borderline Personality disorder (BPD). Although it is the source of significant distress and significant costs to society, it is still poorly specified. In addition, current research and models on the aetiology of BPD do not provide sufficient evidence or predictions about who is at risk of developing BPD and self-disturbance, and why. The aim of this review is to lay the foundations of a new model inspired by recent developments at the intersection of social cognition and behavioural ecology. We argue that the sense of agency is an important dimension to consider when characterizing self-disturbances in BPD. Second, we address the poorly characterized relation between self-disturbances and adverse social conditions encountered early in life. We highlight the potential relevance of the phenotypic plasticity framework in evolutionary biology to make sense of this association. We suggest that the effect of early life adversity on BPD symptomatology depends on the way individuals trade their limited resources between competing biological functions along the life cycle.

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Section: Self and Interpersonal Functioning Impairments In Bpdmentioning

confidence: 88%

The Cognitive, Ecological, and Developmental Origins of Self-disturbance in Borderline Personality Disorder

Baptista¹,

Cohen²,

Jacquet³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…A framework for understanding psychopathological deviations such as depressive mood [43] and persecutory delusions [44] has been already suggested based on the attribution style theory. In respect of BPD, an enhanced internal attributions for negative events has been already shown [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of negative valence on assessment of self-relevance in female patients with borderline personality disorder

et al. 2019

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BackgroundA disturbed self-image is central to the characteristic symptoms of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Evaluations of self-relevance (SR) are highly important in cognitive and emotional processing of information and adaptive behavior.MethodIn the current study, we used affective statements to investigate if SR is altered in patients with higher scores on Borderline Symptom List (BSL-95). Forthyfemale adults with BPD and 20 healthy participants assessed a set of stimuli consisting of sentences in third-person for relevance to self.ResultsBPD patients exhibited a higher SR for negative contents as compared to healthy controls (p < .001). Furthermore, a significant positive correlation coefficient was found between the increased bias in evaluating the SR of stimuli and borderline symptom severity scores, as measured by BSL-95 questionnaire (r = 0.67, p < .001). This effect persisted after controlling for depressive symptoms by a partial correlation analysis.ConclusionOur results revealed an enhanced SR for negative statements, which was related to the severity of individuals’ BPD symptoms. These findings add to the diagnostic information regarding the disturbed organization of self in this clinical population. We suggest the maladaptive evaluation of SR offers an important treatment target for therapeutic approaches to BPD.

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“…However, many patients with severe PDs suffered from severe relational stress traumas during critical developmental periods, stress traumas which were often also associated with focal traumas such as sexual and physical abuse, and emotional abuse and neglect (Howell & Blizard, 2009; Mosquera & Steele, 2017). These traumas are seen as having caused a severe impairment in the sense of interpersonal safety, contributing to frequent states of hypervigilance associated with a difficulty in downregulating emotions (Berenson, Nynaes, Wakschal, Kapner, & Sweeney, 2018; Bertsch et al, 2017; Fertuck, Fischer, & Beeney, 2018; Masland & Hooley, 2019; Schilling, Moritz, Schneider, Bierbrodt, & Nagel, 2015). Moreover, such traumas engender pathogenic beliefs that support a strong self-hate (Faccini & Gazzillo, in press).…”

Section: Understanding Severe Personality Pathology Through the Lens ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalizing psychotherapy for personality disorders: Perspectives from control-mastery theory.

Gazzillo

Dazzi

Kealy

et al. 2021

Psychoanalytic Psychology

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While several empirically supported models for treating personality disorder (PD) are available, researchers and clinicians have continued to advocate for the personalization of psychotherapy to the particular needs and characteristics of the individual patient with severe personality pathology. Control-Mastery Theory (CMT; Gazzillo, 2016; Silberschatz, 2005; Weiss, 1993; Weiss, Sampson, & The Mount Zion Psychotherapy Research Group, 1986) provides a useful framework for understanding personality pathology, and for guiding treatment with individualized case formulation. The present article introduces the basic concepts of CMT and their application in personalizing psychotherapy for patients with severe PDs. According to CMT, patients come to therapy in order to disprove the pathogenic beliefs that obstruct their pursue of healthy and adaptive developmental goals. These pathogenic beliefs were developed to adapt to early traumatic experiences, but end up causing further suffering, inhibitions, and symptoms. For this reason, patients test these pathogenic beliefs within the therapeutic relationship in search of corrective emotional experiences that disprove them. Among patients with severe PDs, such beliefs may be reciprocally contradictory and may be enacted in therapy in multiple different ways, often challenging therapists to respond appropriately. CMT suggests that therapists’ formulation regarding a given patient’s plan—including the nature of the patient’s goals, traumas, pathogenic beliefs, and testing strategies—allow for a personalized approach that will optimize therapy effectiveness.

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Attributional “Tunnel Vision” in Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

The Cognitive, Ecological, and Developmental Origins of Self-disturbance in Borderline Personality Disorder

The Cognitive, Ecological, and Developmental Origins of Self-disturbance in Borderline Personality Disorder

Effect of negative valence on assessment of self-relevance in female patients with borderline personality disorder

Personalizing psychotherapy for personality disorders: Perspectives from control-mastery theory.

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