Attributional Style in Delusional Patients: A Comparison of Remitted Paranoid, Remitted Nonparanoid, and Current Paranoid Patients With Nonpsychiatric Controls

Aakre, Jennifer M.; Seghers, James P.; St‐Hilaire, Annie; Docherty, Nancy M.

doi:10.1093/schbul/sbn033

Cited by 50 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In line with previous research, we found that schizophrenia patients had deficits in all four examined domains of social cognition [39,40,41,42,43]. According to our hypothesis, the performance in the social-cognitive tests explained almost half of the variance of the ego disturbance score.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Influence of Social Cognition on Ego Disturbances in Patients with Schizophrenia

Schimansky¹,

Rössler²,

Haker³

2012

Psychopathology

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Background: Subjects experiencing ego disturbances can be classified as a distinct subgroup of schizophrenia patients. These symptoms imply a disturbance in the ego-world boundary, which in turn implies aberrations in the perception, processing and understanding of social information. This paper provides a comparison of a group of schizophrenia patients and a group of healthy controls on a range of social-cognitive tasks. Furthermore, it analyzes the relationship between ego disturbances and social-cognitive as well as clinical variables in the schizophrenia subsample. Methods: Two groups – 40 schizophrenia patients and 39 healthy subjects – were compared. In the source monitoring task, subjects performed simple computer mouse movements and evaluated the partially manipulated visual feedback as either self- or other-generated. In a second step, participants indicated the confidence of their decision on a 4-point rating scale. In an emotion-recognition task, subjects had to identify 6 basic emotions in the prosody of spoken sentences. In the ‘reading-the-mind-in-the-eyes’ test, subjects had to infer mental states from pictures that depicted others’ eyes. In an attribution task, subjects were presented with descriptions of social events and asked to attribute the cause of the event either to a person, an object or a situation. Additionally, all subjects were tested for cognitive functioning levels. Results: The schizophrenia patient group performed significantly worse on all social-cognitive tasks than the healthy control group. Correlation analysis showed that ego disturbances were related to deficits in person attribution and lower levels of confidence in the source monitoring task. Also, ego disturbances were related to higher PANSS positive scores and a higher number of hospitalizations. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that social-cognitive variables explained 48.0% of the variance in the ego-disturbance score and represented the best predictors for ego disturbances. One particular clinical variable, namely the number of hospitalizations, additionally explained 13.8% of the variance. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that ego disturbances are related to deficits in the social-cognitive domain, and, to a lesser extent, to clinical variables such as the number of hospitalizations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Influence of Social Cognition on Ego Disturbances in Patients with Schizophrenia

Schimansky¹,

Rössler²,

Haker³

2012

Psychopathology

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“…2 Fueling interest is a convergence of data indicating that individuals with schizophrenia are impaired in social cognitive abilities, including facial affect perception, 3 recognition of emotional prosody, 4 and theory of mind (ToM), 5 as well as evidence indicating that individuals with persecutory ideation tend to show attribution biases such as blaming others, rather than situations, for negative events. [6][7][8] Growing evidence also indicates that impairments in social cognition may precede onset of the disorder 9,10 and are present early in the illness. [11][12][13] Interest in social cognition in schizophrenia has also increased because it contributes to a variety of realworld outcomes, such as social competence, community functioning, and quality of life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Social Cognition Psychometric Evaluation Study: Results of the Expert Survey and RAND Panel

Pinkham

Penn

Green

et al. 2013

Schizophrenia Bulletin

405

320

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Background:In schizophrenia, social cognition is strongly linked to functional outcome and is increasingly seen as a viable treatment target. The goal of the Social Cognition Psychometric Evaluation (SCOPE) study is to identify and improve the best existing measures of social cognition so they can be suitably applied in large-scale treatment studies. Initial phases of this project sought to (1) develop consensus on critical domains of social cognition and (2) identify the best existing measures of social cognition for use in treatment studies. Methods: Experts in social cognition were invited to nominate key domains of social cognition and the best measures of those domains. Nominations for measures were reduced according to set criteria, and all available psychometric information about these measures was summarized and provided to RAND panelists. Panelists rated the quality of each measure on multiple criteria, and diverging ratings were discussed at the in-person meeting to obtain consensus. Results: Expert surveys identified 4 core domains of social cognitionemotion processing, social perception, theory of mind/mental state attribution, and attributional style/bias. Using RAND panel consensus ratings, the following measures

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“…For example, the tendency to blame other people rather than circumstances or situational factors for negative events (i.e. personalizing attributional bias), is well established in paranoid patients [19]. It has been also hypothesized that emotion recognition (ER) deficits, through negative misperceiving of social-emotional cues, participate in the occurrence of paranoid elaborations [20] and social withdrawal/isolation [21], that often accompany schizophrenia.…”

Section: Medicinski Podmladakmentioning

confidence: 99%

How social cognition deficits affect psychopathology: A neuroscientific approach

Andric¹,

Maric-Bojovic²

2015

Med podmladak

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Humans are substantially a social species. Effective mental treatment cannot be obtained without addressing social behavior. Social cognition refers to the mental processes underlying social interactions, which allow individuals to make sense of the other peoples' behavior, to decipher emotions on their faces, and to draw conclusions about their intentions. The core domains of this multifaceted concept are theory of mind, social cue perception, attributional style and emotion perception/ processing.The amygdala, orbital frontal cortex and temporal cortex areas are typically activated during the processing of information within social-emotional context. The aforementioned brain areas are recognized as the major components of the so-called "social brain"-specialized for the social interactions in humans.Adequate perceiving and processing of the social information is essential for an effective social functioning, which becomes obvious when it goes awry. Various psychiatric disorders are characterized by social cognitive deficits, among which schizophrenias, depression-anxiety and autism spectrum disorders were most broadly studied to date. Growing evidence suggest that these deficits underlie poor functional outcomes in patients with mental health impairments and have an important role in the initiation and maintenance of the disorders' symptoms.One of the most important goals of social neuroscience research is to provide a treatment intervention that will improve patients' social cognitive skills and the functional outcome.All together, the present review aims to provide a contemporary overview of the concept of social cognition, to outline its relation to psychopathology, and to discuss the implications for clinical practice and treatment.Key words: social cognition, psychopathology, treatment implications Sažetak Čovek je društveno biće. Za postizanje i očuvanje mentalnog zdravlja neophodno je imati očuvanu socijalnu kogniciju. Socijalna kognicija obuhvata skup mentalnih procesa koji čine osnovu socijalnih interakcija, a koji omogućavaju razumevanje ponašanja drugih ljudi, shvatanje značaja izraza njihovih lica, i procenu namera osoba iz okruženja. Ključne domene ovog složenog koncepta predstavljaju: teorija uma, opažanje socijalnih znakova, kauzalna atribucija, opažanje i procesuiranje emocija. Obradu informacija socijalno-emocionalnog konteksta karakteriše aktivacija amigdala, orbitofrontalnog i temporalnog korteksa, glavnih regiona takozvanog "društvenog mozga", specijalizovanog za socijalne interakcije svojstvene ljudima.Značaj ispravnog opažanja i tumačenja socijalnih znakova, funkcija neophodnih za uspešnu socijalnu adaptaciju, dolazi do izražaja kada su ove sposobnosti narušene. Brojne psihijatrijske poremećaje prati deficit socijalne kognicije, a među njima ispadi su najpodrobnije ispitivani u grupi shizofrenija, depresivnom poremeća-ju, autizmu, itd. Zanimljivo je da sve više naučnih dokaza ukazuje da ovi ispadi imaju važnu ulogu u nastanku i održavanju određenih simptoma psihijatrijskih bolesti...

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Attributional Style in Delusional Patients: A Comparison of Remitted Paranoid, Remitted Nonparanoid, and Current Paranoid Patients With Nonpsychiatric Controls

Cited by 50 publications

References 34 publications

The Influence of Social Cognition on Ego Disturbances in Patients with Schizophrenia

The Influence of Social Cognition on Ego Disturbances in Patients with Schizophrenia

The Social Cognition Psychometric Evaluation Study: Results of the Expert Survey and RAND Panel

How social cognition deficits affect psychopathology: A neuroscientific approach

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