Attribution of divergent northern vegetation growth responses to lengthening non-frozen seasons using satellite optical-NIR and microwave remote sensing

Kim, Youngwook; Kimball, J. S.; Zhang, Ke; Didan, Kamel; Velicogna, I.; McDonald, K. C.

doi:10.1080/01431161.2014.915595

Cited by 47 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 109 publications

(128 reference statements)

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“…Flask-and aircraft-based measurements show that the seasonal amplitude of atmospheric CO 2 concentration across the Northern Hemisphere has increased since the 1950s, with the greatest increases occurring across the higher latitudes (Graven et al, 2013). This trend suggests a considerable role of northern boreal forests, consistent with the notion that warmer temperatures have promoted enhanced plant productivity during summer and respiration during winter (Graven et al, 2013;Kim et al, 2014;Myneni et al, 1997). Observed at eddy covariance sites, net ecosystem exchange (NEE), the inverse of net ecosystem productivity (NEP), is a strong function of mean annual temperature at mid-and high latitudes, up to the optimum temperature of approximately 16 • C, above which moisture availability overrides the temperature influence (Yi et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…We consequently do not analyse the influence of CO 2 concentration. While some studies have focused on terrestrial ecosystems of the pan-Arctic (Urban et al, 2014;Myneni et al, 1997;Guay et al, 2014;Kim et al, 2014) or the high latitudes of North America (Goetz et al, 2005;Buermann et al, 2013;Thompson et al, 2006), few studies have investigated the relative role of different environmental variables on increasing GPP of northern Eurasia. Therefore, we assess in this study how vegetation productivity trends in northern Eurasia are influenced by the environmental variables air temperature, precipitation, cloudiness, and forest fire.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Photosynthesis, being a biological process, is regulated by several environmental factors. Productivity is highest at the optimum temperature, though this optimum can be modified by cold or warm acclimation (Larcher, 1969(Larcher, , 2003. Water availability also affects plant hydraulics and chemistry by Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental controls on the increasing GPP of terrestrial vegetation across northern Eurasia

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Terrestrial ecosystems of northern Eurasia are demonstrating an increasing gross primary productivity (GPP), yet few studies have provided definitive attribution for the changes. While prior studies point to increasing temperatures as the principle environmental control, influences from moisture and other factors are less clear. We assess how changes in temperature, precipitation, cloudiness, and forest fires individually contribute to changes in GPP derived from satellite data across northern Eurasia using a light-useefficiency-based model, for the period 1982-2010. We find that annual satellite-derived GPP is most sensitive to the temperature, precipitation and cloudiness of summer, which is the peak of the growing season and also the period of the year when the GPP trend is maximum. Considering the regional median, the summer temperature explains as much as 37.7 % of the variation in annual GPP, while precipitation and cloudiness explain 20.7 and 19.3 %. Warming over the period analysed, even without a sustained increase in precipitation, led to a significant positive impact on GPP for 61.7 % of the region. However, a significant negative impact on GPP was also found, for 2.4 % of the region, primarily the dryer grasslands in the south-west of the study area. For this region, precipitation positively correlates with GPP, as does cloudiness. This shows that the south-western part of northern Eurasia is relatively more vulnerable to drought than other areas. While our results further advance the notion that air temperature is the dominant environmental control for recent GPP increases across northern Eurasia, the role of precipitation and cloudiness can not be ignored.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental controls on the increasing GPP of terrestrial vegetation across northern Eurasia

et al. 2016

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“…Northern Hemisphere snow cover extent in June, when snow is mostly restricted to the Arctic, has declined by nearly 18% decade -1 since 1979 (Derksen and Brown 2012). The nonfrozen season for land north of 45°N latitude has lengthened by 2.4 days decade -1 (Kim et al 2014). In the Pacific Arctic (Fig.…”

Section: Regional Changes In Vegetation Phenology and Sea Ice Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Onset of the Arctic growing season is primarily constrained by temperature (Kim et al 2014) so it is coupled to the same mechanisms that melt the snowpack (Mioduszewski et al 2015;Li et al 2016). While a number of studies document a trend toward longer growing seasons at high northern latitudes, the relative contributions of earlier start dates versus later end dates differ regionally (Zeng et al 2011;Bieniek et al 2015).…”

Section: Regional Changes In Vegetation Phenology and Sea Ice Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drivers and Environmental Responses to the Changing Annual Snow Cycle of Northern Alaska

Cox

Stone

Douglas

et al. 2017

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

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Linkages between atmospheric, ecological, and biogeochemical variables in the changing Arctic are analyzed using long-term measurements near Utqiaġvik (formerly Barrow), Alaska. Two key variables are the date when snow disappears in spring, as determined primarily by atmospheric dynamics, precipitation, air temperature, winter snow accumulation, and cloud cover, and the date of onset of snowpack in autumn that is additionally influenced by ocean temperature and sea ice extent. In 2015 and 2016 the snow melted early at Utqiaġvik owing mainly to anomalous warmth during May of both years attributed to atmospheric circulation patterns, with 2016 having the record earliest snowmelt. These years are discussed in the context of a 115-yr snowmelt record at Utqiaġvik with a trend toward earlier melting since the mid-1970s (–2.86 days decade–1, 1975–2016). At nearby Cooper Island, where a colony of seabirds, black guillemots, have been monitored since 1975, timing of egg laying is correlated with Utqiaġvik snowmelt with 2015 and 2016 being the earliest years in the 42-yr record. Ice out at a nearby freshwater lagoon is also correlated with Utqiaġvik snowmelt. The date when snow begins to accumulate in autumn at Utqiaġvik shows a trend toward later dates (+4.6 days decade–1, 1975–2016), with 2016 being the latest on record. The relationships between the lengthening snow-free season and regional phenology, soil temperatures, fluxes of gases from the tundra, and to regional sea ice conditions are discussed. Better understanding of these interactions is needed to predict the annual snow cycles in the region at seasonal to decadal scales and to anticipate coupled environmental responses.

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A global classification of vegetation based on NDVI, rainfall and temperature

Zhang

Yan

et al. 2016

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Vegetation types are generally classified based only on remote sensing vegetation data, and yet they cannot reflect their connection with climate. Climatic vegetation types reflect the regional vegetation characteristics in terms of climate. The distribution of global climatic vegetation types were identified by K‐means method based on vegetation and climate data. Fourteen climatic vegetation types were classified based on vegetation and climate data. Every type had distinct climate and vegetation characteristics. The regions with similar normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values but with different climate values such as tropical desert and temperate desert could be distinguished. Our new updated climatic vegetation types agreed ‘fair’ with Koeppen climate types and climate type of Zhang and Yan while agreed ‘good’ with vegetation types when checked with Kappa test.

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Attribution of divergent northern vegetation growth responses to lengthening non-frozen seasons using satellite optical-NIR and microwave remote sensing

Cited by 47 publications

References 109 publications

Environmental controls on the increasing GPP of terrestrial vegetation across northern Eurasia

Environmental controls on the increasing GPP of terrestrial vegetation across northern Eurasia

Drivers and Environmental Responses to the Changing Annual Snow Cycle of Northern Alaska

A global classification of vegetation based on NDVI, rainfall and temperature

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