Attributable causes of cancer in Japan in 2005—systematic assessment to estimate current burden of cancer attributable to known preventable risk factors in Japan

Inoue, Manami; Sawada, Norie; Matsuda, Tomohiro; Sasazuki, Shizuka; Shimazu, Taichi; Shibuya, Kenji; Tsugane, Shoichiro

doi:10.1093/annonc/mdr437

Cited by 156 publications

(210 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The risk of current smokers was about three to four times as high as that of never smokers (Freedman et al 2011;Inoue et al 2012). Our result was the same trend.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Risk of Alcohol Consumption in Bladder Cancer: Case-Control Study from a Nationwide Inpatient Database in Japan

Zaitsu

Nakamura

Toyokawa

et al. 2016

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Bladder cancer is common in Western countries, but not in Japan. Established risk factors are smoking and high-risk jobs such as printing and manufacturing. The risk of alcohol consumption in bladder cancer has been the recent focus; however, available literature on alcohol consumption and bladder cancer has been limited from Japanese population, thought to have a weak genetic tolerance to acetaldehyde. We aimed to determine whether alcohol consumption is an independent risk factor for bladder cancer among Japanese. The study was a matched case-control study from the nationwide Japanese clinical database administered by the Rosai Hospital group. We identified 739 cases of bladder cancer diagnosed between 2005 (when the database was established) and 2014 and 7,196 controls matched by sex, age, hospital, and admission period. We estimated the odds ratio of alcohol consumption for bladder cancer adjusted for the amount of smoking, high-risk occupations, and comorbidities (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, hyperuricemia, and obesity) with conditional logistic regression. The risk of bladder cancer was significantly higher in ever drinkers than in never drinkers (odds ratio, 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.06 to 1.66). Furthermore, the risk threshold for alcohol consumption was more than 15 g of alcohol intake per day (one, 180-mL cup equivalent to 6 ounces of Japanese sake containing 23 grams of alcohol). Among Japanese, alcohol consumption may be an independent risk factor for bladder cancer, with a lower risk threshold.

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“…The risk of current smokers was about three to four times as high as that of never smokers (Freedman et al 2011;Inoue et al 2012). Our result was the same trend.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Risk of Alcohol Consumption in Bladder Cancer: Case-Control Study from a Nationwide Inpatient Database in Japan

Zaitsu

Nakamura

Toyokawa

et al. 2016

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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“…Additionally, given that the screening rate for breast cancer in Japan is less than 25 % (lower than other countries) despite the markedly high rate of recognition among high school students (90 %) [3], an effective educational program for improving the screening rate must be considered. Further, since prevention strategies are known for a number of cancers in Japan [9], education addressing preventable risk factors should be considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While rank order has shifted, the five cancer sites responsible for the greatest mortality and incidence have not changed drastically for 60 years. Causes of cancer and modifiable risk factors have been reported in recent studies [6][7][8][9]; however, while prevalent and high-risk cancers represent important targets of preventive public health efforts and understanding of the etiology and risk factors associated with many cancers has improved, cancer screening rates remain low [2,10]. In addition, disease stigma and discrimination against cancer patients or their family members are important barriers to address through education.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer understanding among Japanese students based on a nationwide survey

Sugisaki

Ueda

Monobe

et al. 2014

Environ Health Prev Med

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Objective The objective of this study was to determine cancer understanding among Japanese primary and secondary school students. Methods The study design was a cross-sectional nationwide survey using a self-administered questionnaire. The prefecture with the lowest student population was set to 1, and that with the highest student population was set to 18 for elementary schools and 19 for junior high and high schools based on the ratio of the student population. In this way, 213 elementary schools, 222 junior high schools, and 208 high schools were selected from all 47 prefectures in Japan, and questionnaires were sent to each school. The questionnaire listed the names of 15 cancers and asked respondents to choose one answer from three: ''Never heard of,'' ''Heard of/ Don't understand,'' or ''Heard of/Understand.'' Results Response rates for schools were 44.1 % (n = 94) for elementary schools, 46.4 % (n = 103) for junior high schools, and 55.8 % (n = 116) for high schools. A total of 8,876 questionnaires were used for the analysis. Our survey suggests that the most commonly understood types of cancer differed by grade, with lung cancer the most commonly understood in elementary school, leukemia in junior high schools, and breast cancer in high schools. Girls tended to demonstrate greater cancer understanding than boys, with particularly large differences by gender in rates of understanding of breast and uterine cancer at each assessed grade level. Conclusions Here, we examined Japanese primary and secondary school students. Marked differences in cancer recognition by grade and gender suggest that educational efforts are needed at various grade levels and gender-specific cancer education. Further, more than 50 % of students at any school level were not familiar with most cancers. It suggests that cancer education is deficient.

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“…Since large-scale cohort studies have several strengths for controlling chance, bias and confounding, the above studies have been made great contribution for providing high-quality evidence on cancer etiology. Based on the evidence, population attributable risk was estimated for Japanese population (9).…”

Section: Observational Analytic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress and future direction of cancer epidemiological research in Japan

Sobue

2015

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology

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In 2006, the Cancer Control Act was approved and a Basic Plan, to Promote the Cancer Control Program at the national level, was developed in 2007. Cancer research is recognized as a fundamental component to provide evidence in cancer control program. Cancer epidemiology plays central role in connecting research and policy, since it directly deals with data from humans. Research for cancer epidemiology in Japan made substantial progress, in the field of descriptive studies, cohort studies, intervention studies and activities for summarizing evidences. In future, promoting highquality large-scale intervention studies, individual-level linkage studies, simulation models and studies for elderly population will be of great importance, but at the same time research should be promoted in well-balanced fashion not placing too much emphasis on one particular research field.

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Attributable causes of cancer in Japan in 2005—systematic assessment to estimate current burden of cancer attributable to known preventable risk factors in Japan

Abstract: In Japan, tobacco smoking and infections are major causes of cancer. Further control of these factors will contribute to substantial reductions in cancer incidence and mortality in Japan.

Cited by 156 publications

References 30 publications

Risk of Alcohol Consumption in Bladder Cancer: Case-Control Study from a Nationwide Inpatient Database in Japan

Risk of Alcohol Consumption in Bladder Cancer: Case-Control Study from a Nationwide Inpatient Database in Japan

Cancer understanding among Japanese students based on a nationwide survey

Recent progress and future direction of cancer epidemiological research in Japan

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