Attractive Nitramines and Related PBXs

Elbeih, Ahmed; Zeman, Svatopluk; Jungová, Marcela; Vávra, Pavel

doi:10.1002/prep.201200011

Cited by 51 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…The OFW equation is therefore, (10) Compared to the OFW method, the modified KAS method yields a significant improvement in the accuracy of the E a values. Note that the purpose of theoretical kinetic analysis is the interpretation of the experimentally determined kinetic triplets.…”

Section: Calculation Of Activation Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, they are sensitive to impact and friction and their flame temperatures are relatively high. Many studies have been performed to overcome these problems without affecting the performance via mixing these nitramine explosives with some selected polymeric binders [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Polymeric binders can also improve the mechanical and chemical properties of explosives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal Behavior and Decomposition Kinetics of RDX and RDX/HTPB Composition Using Various Techniques and Methods

Abd‐Elghany

Elbeih

Saeed

2016

Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater.

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Abstract:In this paper, the thermal behavior and decomposition kinetics of trinitrohexahydrotriazine (RDX) and its polymer bonded explosive (PBX) containing a hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethane binder in the ratio 80% RDX/ 20% HTPB were investigated using various experimental techniques and analytical methods. The HTPB polyurethane matrix contains other additives and was cured using hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Vacuum Stability Test (VST) and Ignition Delay Techniques were applied both isothermally and non-isothermally. The kinetic parameters were determined using both the isoconversional (model free) and the model-fitting methods. For comparison, Advanced Kinetics and Technology Solution (AKTS) software was also used. It was found that the addition of an HTPB-based polyurethane matrix to pure RDX decreased its decomposition temperature. It was also found that RDX/ HTPB has a lower activation energy than pure RDX. The polyurethane matrix had a significant effect on the decomposition mechanism of RDX resulting in different reaction models. It was concluded that the activation energies obtained using the Ozawa, Flynn, and Wall (OFW) and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) methods were very close to the results obtained via the AKTS software lying in the range 218.3-220.2 kJ·mol −1. The VST technique yielded kinetic parameters close to those obtained using TG/DTG. On the other hand, the Ignition Delay Technique yielded different and inconsistent kinetic parameters.

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Section: Calculation Of Activation Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Behavior and Decomposition Kinetics of RDX and RDX/HTPB Composition Using Various Techniques and Methods

Abd‐Elghany

Elbeih

Saeed

2016

Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater.

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“…Experiments have shown [4] that BCHMX has impact sensitivity similar to that for pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) and a crystal density of 1.86 g cm -3 . Its positive heat of formation is three times greater than that for b-HMX [4] due to steric hindrance in the BCHMX molecule [4]; this fact also explains the slightly greater heat of explosion [5] and lower thermal stability [4] for BCHMX compared with that for b-HMX.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Crystal structure and thermal behaviors of the tetrapotassium salt of octahydroimidazo-[4,5-d]imidazol-1,3,4,6-tetrasulfonic acid (TACOS-K)

Zeman

Růžička

Moncóľ

et al. 2016

J Therm Anal Calorim

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The tetrahydrate of the tetrapotassium salt of octahydroimidazo- [4,5-d]imidazol-1,3,4,6-tetrasulfonic acid (TACOS-K), an new energetic material, was investigated in terms of its crystal structure, heat of combustion, thermal stability and decomposition kinetics. Its heat of combustion is -5487 ± 96 J g -1 from which a heat of formation of -3150 kJ mol -1 was estimated. It has been found that this compound has a hexagonal crystal space group with a density of 2.026 g mol -1 at 150 K. The organic anionic skeleton of the TACOS-K molecule is distinctly deformed. Six tetraanions interconnected by coordination to the potassium cations and hydrogen bridges to water molecules form hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic cavities. As an intermediate to synthesize cis-1,3,4,6-tetranitro-octahydroimidazo-[4,5-d]imidazole, it decomposes at around 31°C with a first peak temperature range of 46.6-94.3°C due to loss of water, depending on the heating rates. Hydrolysis of the N-S bonds might play an important role here. Crystalline water evaporation competes with this hydrolysis. TACOS-K has a residual mass of about 46 % at 2°C min -1 , which increases with the heating rate. Peak of the exothermic process occurs at 235.6°C at the same heating rate with an enthalpy change of 164 J g -1 . Dehydration occurs with an energy barrier of 36.7 kJ mol -1 followed by a shoulder mass loss process with a much higher activation energy 110.6 kJ mol -1 , while the activation energy for the main exothermic reaction is about 136.2 kJ mol -1 .

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“…Also replacement of PETN by BCHMX in SEMTEX10 has been investigated 10 . The performance and detonation characteristics of BCHMX has been studied and compared with different cyclic nitramines 11 . In this paper, a continuation of the study of BCHMX as explosive filler bonded by available polymeric matrix is presented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of cis-1,3,4,6-Tetranitrooctahydroimidazo-[4,5d] Imidazole (BCHMX) in EPX-1 Explosive

Elbeih

Elshenawy²,

Gobara

2016

Def. Sc. Jl.

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3,4,5 d]imidazole (BCHMX) has been studied as explosive filler to replace pentaerythritol tetra-nitrate (PETN) inEPX1 explosive. BCHMX with different particle sizes was bonded by thermoplastic binder plasticised by dibutyl phthalate to obtain BCHMX-EPX. Heat of combustion was measured. Impact energy and friction force of initiation were determined. Velocity of detonation was measured, while the detonation characteristics were calculated by thermodynamic code named EXPLO 5. For comparison, the detonation characteristics of some commercial plastic explosives such asEPX-1, SEMTEX 10 and FORMEX P1were also studied. It was concluded that BCHMX-EPX has the highest detonation characteristics of all the studied plastic explosives and its sensitivity is in the same level of the studied traditional plastic explosives. BCHMX-EPX has the highest decomposition temperature of all the studied samples. The mutual relationship obtained from the experimental and calculated results indicates the compatibility of the calculated results with the experimental measurements.

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Attractive Nitramines and Related PBXs

Cited by 51 publications

References 18 publications

Thermal Behavior and Decomposition Kinetics of RDX and RDX/HTPB Composition Using Various Techniques and Methods

Thermal Behavior and Decomposition Kinetics of RDX and RDX/HTPB Composition Using Various Techniques and Methods

Crystal structure and thermal behaviors of the tetrapotassium salt of octahydroimidazo-[4,5-d]imidazol-1,3,4,6-tetrasulfonic acid (TACOS-K)

Application of cis-1,3,4,6-Tetranitrooctahydroimidazo-[4,5d] Imidazole (BCHMX) in EPX-1 Explosive

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