Attraction and repulsion of mobile wild organisms to finfish and shellfish aquaculture: a review

Callier, Myriam D.; Byron, Carrie J.; Bengtson, David A.; Cranford, Peter J.; Cross, Stephen F.; Focken, Ulfert; Jansen, H.M.; Kamermans, P.; Kiessling, Anders; Landry, Thomas; O’Beirn, F.X.; Petersson, Erik; Rheault, Robert; Strand, Øivind; Sundell, Kristina; Svåsand, Terje; Wikfors, Gary H.; McKindsey, Christopher W.

doi:10.1111/raq.12208

Cited by 106 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 210 publications

(364 reference statements)

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“…The preference for waters within 10 km of fish farms, with a high occurrence in their immediate vicinity (Figure e), is consistent with findings in other semi‐enclosed areas of Greece, where bottlenose dolphins have adapted to opportunistic foraging near fish farm cages (Bonizzoni et al, ; Bonizzoni, Eddy, Würsig, & Bearzi, ; Piroddi, Bearzi, & Christensen, ). Fish farms are known to attract a great variety of organisms, probably because of artificial substrate and infrastructure, combined with the input of nutrients or manufactured fish feed (Bacher, Gordoa, & Sagué, ; Callier et al, ; Dempster, Sanchez‐Jerez, Bayle‐Sempere, Gimenez‐Casalduero, & Valle, ). The concentration of wild prey, including key bottlenose dolphin prey (Bearzi, Fortuna, & Reeves, ; Machias et al, ), is thought to attract the dolphins, whereas the infrastructure itself may facilitate prey capture (Díaz López, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling dolphin distribution within an Important Marine Mammal Area in Greece to support spatial management planning

Bonizzoni¹,

Furey

Santostasi

et al. 2019

Aquatic Conservation

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Understanding marine mammal distributions is essential for conservation, as it can help identify critical habitat where management action can be taken. The semi‐enclosed Gulf of Corinth, Greece, has been identified as an Important Marine Mammal Area by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Marine Mammal Protected Areas Task Force, based on the regular occurrence of odontocete populations. A 7‐year (2011–17) dataset of boat‐based surveys was used to model and predict the distribution of striped dolphins, Stenella coeruleoalba, common dolphins, Delphinus delphis, and common bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus, in the entire Gulf (2400 km2). Multiple geographic, bathymetric, oceanographic, and anthropogenic variables were incorporated in a combined generalized additive model and generalized estimation equation (GAM‐GEE) framework to describe dolphin occurrence and produce distribution maps. Modelling indicated that striped and common dolphins prefer deep waters (>300 m) in the central and southern part of the Gulf, whereas bottlenose dolphins prefer shallow waters (<300 m) and areas close to fish farms along the northern–central shore. Model‐based maps of the predicted distribution identified a preferred habitat encompassing most of the Gulf, also revealing: (i) hot spots of dolphin distribution covering about 40% of the Gulf's surface; (ii) an almost complete overlap of striped and common dolphin distribution, consistent with the hypothesis that common dolphins modified their habitat preferences to live in mixed species groups with striped dolphins; (iii) a clear partitioning of striped/common and bottlenose dolphin habitat; and (iv) the important role played by fish farms for bottlenose dolphins, consistent with studies conducted elsewhere in Greece. Evidence provided by this study calls for area‐specific and species‐specific management measures to mitigate anthropogenic impacts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling dolphin distribution within an Important Marine Mammal Area in Greece to support spatial management planning

Bonizzoni¹,

Furey

Santostasi

et al. 2019

Aquatic Conservation

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“…Yaldad Bay). repulsion) and across spatial and temporal scales (Callier et al, 2017). Where shellfish farms and Chilean dolphins cooccurred, the dolphins were observed to move in the corridors between the shore and the outer shoreward longlines of the farms (Heinrich & Fuentes, pers.…”

Section: Dolphins and Aquaculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Fine‐scale habitat partitioning of Chilean and Peale's dolphins and their overlap with aquaculture

Heinrich

Genov

Riquelme

et al. 2019

Aquatic Conservation

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1. Predictive species distribution models (SDMs) have become powerful tools to determine habitat use patterns of mobile marine predators and their spatial overlap with potentially impacting anthropogenic activities.2. This study used SDMs to investigate fine-scale habitat use patterns of two poorly known and broadly sympatric coastal delphinids, Chilean dolphins (Cephalorhynchus eutropia) and Peale's dolphins (Lagenorhynchus australis), and their spatial interactions with intense aquaculture farming activities in the Chiloé archipelago, southern Chile. A long-term dataset (2002-2012) of boat-based dolphin sightings and concur-rently in situ collected environmental and anthropogenic variables was analysed using binomial Generalized Additive Models to investigate ecological drivers of each species' fine-scale distribution and to predict dolphin occurrence spatially.4. Chilean dolphins preferred shallow (<30 m deep), turbid waters, close to shore (<500 m) and river mouths which often placed them in sheltered bays and channels used intensively by shellfish farms. Peale's dolphins were also found in shallow waters but occurred over a wider range of conditions along more open or exposed coastlines. Both species had to navigate extensive salmon and shellfish farming sites to transit between areas of important habitat.5. Sightings and predicted occurrence maps showed a clear pattern of spatial habitat partitioning between species, which remained stable across the 11 year study period. The identification of important habitat for Chilean dolphins warrants the consideration of spatially explicit conservation measures to limit the potential effects of overlapping salmon and shellfish farming.6. The observed differences in ecological plasticity of the two sympatric species should be considered when evaluating and mitigating the effects of environmental change and ongoing anthropogenic pressures on their nearshore habitat. The estimated species-environment relationships could also be used to predict where dolphin habitat and anthropogenic activities are most likely to overlap in other parts of the species' ranges.

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“…boating, cleaning) (Callier et al . ). The interaction can also have negative effects for salmon producers, as is the case of attacks by predators, which are an important factor in the escapes of salmonids in Chile (Sepúlveda & Oliva ; Vilata et al .…”

Section: Salmon Farming Environmental Impacts During the Marine Fattementioning

confidence: 97%

Environmental issues in Chilean salmon farming: a review

Quiñones

Fuentes

Montes

et al. 2019

Reviews in Aquaculture

176

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The growth of Chilean salmon production has not been free of important sanitary and environmental shortcomings. To ensure sustainability, it is necessary to understand the environmental impacts of salmon production on the Patagonian ecosystems. Currently, there is limited regulation or monitoring of impacts in the freshwater phase compared to the marine fattening stage, and there is some evidence of local eutrophication impact and diversity changes downstream the farms. Eutrophication of Patagonian channels and fjords from marine farms has been recognized as crucial environmental risk, although most scientific evidence comes from local effects below and around farms. So far, there are no regulations based on carrying capacity estimates to limit maximum fish biomass per area or water body. There is controversy regarding the potential role of nutrients derived from farming in triggering harmful algal blooms, yet current environmental monitoring and available information does not allow establishing or rejecting a cause–effect relationship. Pesticides used to control sea lice infestation have been shown to be deleterious to some non‐target species. There is evidence that the use of high quantities of antibiotics has allowed the development of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria in sediments and there is concern that salmon aquaculture has the potential to increase the proportion of antimicrobial‐resistant bacteria to antibiotics that are used in human medicine. There is an urgent need for more comprehensive ecosystem (beyond farm) studies on the impacts of antibiotics. Escapes of salmon (exotic species) from farms are a relevant environmental risk, although the most farmed species, Salmo salar, has shown little success in establishing wild populations. The review identifies critical knowledge gaps whose fulfilment is essential to advance towards an ecosystem approach to aquaculture and to protect Patagonian ecosystems.

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Attraction and repulsion of mobile wild organisms to finfish and shellfish aquaculture: a review

Cited by 106 publications

References 210 publications

Modelling dolphin distribution within an Important Marine Mammal Area in Greece to support spatial management planning

Modelling dolphin distribution within an Important Marine Mammal Area in Greece to support spatial management planning

Fine‐scale habitat partitioning of Chilean and Peale's dolphins and their overlap with aquaculture

Environmental issues in Chilean salmon farming: a review

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