Attosecond Electron Transport in Plasmonic Nanostructures

Abstract

OPA optical parametric amplifier BEM boundary element method ATP above-threshold photoemission ATI above-threshold ionization RSD relative standard deviation FN Fowler-Nordheim 2DSI two-dimensional spectral shearing interferometry SMU source meter unit AFM atomic force microscope SEM scanning electron microscope EBL electron-beam lithography RMS root-mean-square BBO beta barium borate TBP time-bandwidth product CEP carrier-envelope phase CEO carrier-envelope offset SAM semiconductor saturable absorber mirror GDD group delay dispersion GVD group velocity dispersion SPM self-phase modulation XPM cross-phase modulation FWM four-wave mixing PPLN periodically poled lithium niobate SRS stimulated raman scattering DFG difference frequency generation iii Contents NLSE nonlinear Schroedinger equation ZDW zero-dispersion wavelength WDM wavelength-division multiplexing EDF erbium doped fiber EDFA erbium-doped fiber amplifier MFA mode field area MFD mode field diameter HNF highly nonlinear bulk silica fiber PCF photonic crystal fiber PM polarization-maintaining NPE nonlinear polarization evolution NALM nonlinear amplifying loop mirror FWHM full-width at half-maximum FROG frequency-resolved optical gating IMFP inelastic mean free path EMFP elastic mean free path I-V current-voltage iv 1. Introduction