Attosecond chronoscopy of electron scattering in dielectric nanoparticles

Seiffert, Lennart; Liu, Qingcao; Zherebtsov, Sergey; Trabattoni, Andrea; Rupp, Philipp; Castrovilli, Mattea Carmen; Galli, Mara; Süßmann, Frederik; Wintersperger, Karen; Stierle, Johannes; Sansone, G.; Poletto, Luca; Frassetto, Fabio; Halfpap, I.; Mondes, V.; Gräf, Christina; Rühl, E.; Krausz, Ferenc; Nisoli, M.; Fennel, Thomas; Calegari, Francesca; Kling, Matthias F.

doi:10.1038/nphys4129

Cited by 87 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The experimental setup for velocity-map imaging (VMI) of the electron emission is shown in figure 2(a). A beam of isolated SiO 2 nanoparticles was prepared via an aerosol technique [30], where the particles were brought into a gas stream of N 2 from suspension in ethanol, dried out by a diffusion dryer and focused into the laser focus with an aerodynamic lens, after which most of the residual gas was removed through differential pumping [17,[20][21][22][23]. Silica nanoparticles with diameters of 60 and 300 nm and a narrow size distribution were prepared by wet chemistry approaches.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intense laser pulses with tailored waveforms have proven to be a powerful tool for the control of electron dynamics in atomic, molecular, and solid targets [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The laser electric field of such pulses exerts a force that varies on the attosecond time scale for visible light and enables the steering of electron motion on sub-cycle time scales and on nanometer spatial dimensions or even below [13][14][15][16][17]. In case of nanostructured materials, the spatial variation of the strongly localized optical near-field provides an additional control parameter for both electron emission and acceleration [17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The laser electric field of such pulses exerts a force that varies on the attosecond time scale for visible light and enables the steering of electron motion on sub-cycle time scales and on nanometer spatial dimensions or even below [13][14][15][16][17]. In case of nanostructured materials, the spatial variation of the strongly localized optical near-field provides an additional control parameter for both electron emission and acceleration [17][18][19][20]. The coherent control of electron emission and acceleration with carrier-envelope phase (CEP)-controlled few-cycle laser pulses has been investigated for isolated nanospheres [19,[21][22][23], metal nanotips [24,25], and surface assembled nanostructures [26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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All-optical spatio-temporal control of electron emission from SiO₂ nanospheres with femtosecond two-color laser fields

et al. 2019

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Field localization by nanostructures illuminated with laser pulses of well-defined waveform enables spatio-temporal tailoring of the near-fields for sub-cycle control of electron dynamics at the nanoscale. Here, we apply intense linearly-polarized two-color laser pulses for all-optical control of the highest energy electron emission from SiO 2 nanoparticles. For the size regime where light propagation effects become important, we demonstrate the possibility to control the preferential emission angle of a considerable fraction of the fastest electrons by varying the relative phase of the two-color field. Trajectory based semi-classical simulations show that for the investigated nanoparticle size range the directional steering can be attributed to the two-color effect on the electron trajectories, while the accompanied modification of the spatial distribution of the ionization rate on the nanoparticle surface has only a minor effect.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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All-optical spatio-temporal control of electron emission from SiO₂ nanospheres with femtosecond two-color laser fields

et al. 2019

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“…Konventionelle Methoden zur Messung der freien Weglänge beruhen auf der indirekten Bestimmung der Weglänge aus den optischen Eigenschaften des Materials . Durch einen Trick ist es uns erstmals gelungen, die inelastische Stoßzeit und damit auch die freie Weglänge für ein dielektrisches Material experimentell direkt zu messen . Möglich war dies mit einer Kombination aus Methoden der Attosekunden‐ und Nanophysik.…”

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Attosekunden-Stoppuhr für inelastische Elektronenstöße

et al. 2017

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Die inelastische Streuung von Elektronen, bei der diese einen Teil oder ihre gesamte Energie an die Atome und Moleküle in der Umgebung abgeben, spielt eine wesentliche Rolle sowohl in der Natur als auch in physikalisch‐technischen Bereichen. Dennoch ist dieser Vorgang zum Beispiel in dielektrischen Medien nicht gut bekannt. Unserem Team von Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern aus München, Mailand, Rostock, Berlin und Hamburg ist es erstmals gelungen, die Streuung von Elektronen in einem Dielektrikum auf Zeitskalen von Attosekunden zu verfolgen und damit die inelastische Streuung direkt zu vermessen.

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“…harmonic generation [14][15][16][17]. Similarly, symmetry-breaking is widely used in surface-sensitive sum-frequency generation [18], second-harmonic imaging of multiferroic domains in solids [19], and high-order harmonic generation from atoms [20][21][22], molecules [23,24] and solids [25][26][27][28].…”

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confidence: 99%

A dynamical symmetry triad in high-harmonic generation revealed by attosecond recollision control

et al. 2020

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A key element of optical spectroscopy is the link between observable selection rules and the underlying symmetries of an investigated physical system. Typically, selection rules directly relate to the sample properties probed by light, yielding information on crystalline structure or chirality, for example. Considering light-matter coupling more broadly may extend the scope of detectable symmetries, to also include those directly arising from the interaction. In this letter, we experimentally demonstrate an emerging class of symmetries in the electromagnetic field emitted by a strongly driven atomic system. Specifically, generating high-harmonic radiation with attosecond-controlled two-color fields, we find different sets of allowed and forbidden harmonic orders. Generalizing symmetry considerations of circularly polarized high-harmonic generation, we interpret these selection rules as a complete triad of dynamical symmetries. We expect such emergent symmetries also for multi-atomic and condensed-matter systems, encoded in the spectral and spatial features of the radiation field. Notably, the observed phenomenon gives robust access to chiral processes with few-attosecond time precision.The concept of emergence describes the appearance of entirely new properties of a coupled system, which only arise from the interaction of its constituents. In light-matter interaction, emergent phenomena are particularly prominent in strongly driven states of matter, as evident in light-induced variants of superconductivity [1], the Hall effect [2], and topological insulators [3] in the condensed phase, as well as exceptional points in molecules [4,5], Kramers-Henneberger states in gases [6,7], and time-crystals in isolated many-body systems [8,9]. Such emergent states are often governed by novel symmetry properties and topologies, which may be probed by external or emitted radiation fields. However, while much attention is drawn to the light-induced creation of novel states of matter, a wider scope should also include possible emergent states of the radiation field.Here, we report on the experimental observation of an emergent class of symmetries in the electromagnetic field emitted by a strongly driven atomic system. Specifically, we analyze the sets of allowed and forbidden harmonic orders in high-harmonic generation from tailored bi-circular and bi-elliptical fields. Corroborated by theoretical modeling, the identified selection rules correspond to a complete triad of dynamical symmetries. We believe that the general principles underlying our observations will be equally relevant for other systems, including crystalline solids.Spectral and polarization selection rules serve as direct measures for the symmetries of the underlying Hamiltonian and interaction [10,11]. Canonical examples in linear and perturbative nonlinear probing are molecular analysis by Raman and infrared spectroscopy [12,13] or selection rules in wave mixing and

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Attosecond chronoscopy of electron scattering in dielectric nanoparticles

Cited by 87 publications

References 38 publications

All-optical spatio-temporal control of electron emission from SiO₂ nanospheres with femtosecond two-color laser fields

All-optical spatio-temporal control of electron emission from SiO₂ nanospheres with femtosecond two-color laser fields

Attosekunden-Stoppuhr für inelastische Elektronenstöße

A dynamical symmetry triad in high-harmonic generation revealed by attosecond recollision control

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Attosecond chronoscopy of electron scattering in dielectric nanoparticles

Cited by 87 publications

References 38 publications

All-optical spatio-temporal control of electron emission from SiO2 nanospheres with femtosecond two-color laser fields

All-optical spatio-temporal control of electron emission from SiO2 nanospheres with femtosecond two-color laser fields

Attosekunden-Stoppuhr für inelastische Elektronenstöße

A dynamical symmetry triad in high-harmonic generation revealed by attosecond recollision control

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Product

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All-optical spatio-temporal control of electron emission from SiO₂ nanospheres with femtosecond two-color laser fields

All-optical spatio-temporal control of electron emission from SiO₂ nanospheres with femtosecond two-color laser fields