Attosecond angular streaking and tunnelling time in atomic hydrogen

Sainadh, U. Satya; Xu, Han; Wang, Xiaoshan; Atia-Tul-Noor,; Wallace, William; Douguet, Nicolas; Bray, Alexander; Ivanov, Igor; Bartschat, Klaus; Kheifets, Anatoli; Sang, R. T.; Litvinyuk, Igor

doi:10.48550/arxiv.1707.05445

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Revisiting the concept of tunneling time has become highly appropriate with the advent of attoclock experiments [29,30] and debates around the claim of Torlina et al [31] that optical tunneling in atomic hydrogen is instantaneous. Indeed, two recent studies [32,33] obtained results supporting a tunneling ionization time close to zero, while others [14,29,30] reported a nonzero tunneling time for traversing the barrier. Note that the tunneling ionization time defined in [31,32] corresponds to the moment at which the electron appears at the tunnel exit with respect to the instant of maximum field strength, and thus it does not necessarily contradict the results of Refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of tunneling ionization using Bohmian mechanics

Douguet

Bartschat

2018

Phys. Rev. A

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Recent attoclock experiments and theoretical studies regarding the strong-field ionization of atoms by few-cycle infrared pulses revealed new features that have attracted much attention. Here we investigate tunneling ionization and the dynamics of the electron probability using Bohmian Mechanics. We consider a one-dimensional problem to illustrate the underlying mechanisms of the ionization process. It is revealed that in the major part of the below-the-barrier ionization regime, in an intense and short infrared pulse, the electron does not tunnel "through" the entire barrier, but rather already starts from the classically forbidden region. Moreover, we highlight the correspondence between the probability of locating the electron at a particular initial position and its asymptotic momentum. Bohmian Mechanics also provides a natural definition of mean tunneling time and exit position, taking account of the time dependence of the barrier. Finally, we find that the electron can exit the barrier with significant kinetic energy, thereby corroborating the results of a recent study [Camus et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 (2017) 023201].

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of tunneling ionization using Bohmian mechanics

Douguet

Bartschat

2018

Phys. Rev. A

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“…Experiments have tried to answer the above-mentioned tunneling-ionization-related questions without being overburdened with theoretical debates. For example, attempts have been made to answer whether the electron emission has a time delay from the peak of the laser electric field [51][52][53][54]. For another example, attempts have also been made to answer whether there is a nonzero velocity of the electron at the tunneling exit [34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Virtual Detectors At the Tunneling Exitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several attempts have been made trying to answer the question whether tunneling ionization is instantaneous [51][52][53][54]. These experiments retrieve the time difference between the peak of the laser electric field and the peak of tunneling ionization, which is known to be extremely sensitive to the electric field strength.…”

Section: Time Delays In Tunneling Ionizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Virtual detector theory for strong-field atomic ionization

Wang¹,

Tian²,

Eberly³

2018

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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A virtual detector (VD) is an imaginary device located at a fixed position in space that extracts information from the wave packet passing through it. By recording the particle momentum and the corresponding probability current at each time, the VDs can accumulate and build the differential momentum distribution of the particle, in a way that resembles real experiments. A mathematical proof is given for the equivalence of the differential momentum distribution obtained by the VD method and by Fourier transforming the wave function. In addition to being a tool for reducing the computational load, VDs have also been found useful in interpreting the ultrafast strong-field ionization process, especially the controversial quantum tunneling process.

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“…Detailed observations of atom ionization have recently become possible with attoclock experiments [1,2,3], suggesting comparisons with various predictions of tunneling times. The theoretical side of the question, however, remains largely open: Different proposals of how to define tunneling times have been made through almost nine decades, yielding widely diverging predictions and physical interpretations [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canonical tunneling time in ionization experiments

2018

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Canonical semiclassical methods can be used to develop an intuitive definition of tunneling time through potential barriers. An application to atomic ionization is given here, considering both static and time-dependent electric fields. The results allow one to analyze different theoretical constructions proposed recently to evaluate ionization experiments based on attoclocks. They also suggest new proposals of determining tunneling times, for instance through the behavior of fluctuations.

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Attosecond angular streaking and tunnelling time in atomic hydrogen

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Dynamics of tunneling ionization using Bohmian mechanics

Dynamics of tunneling ionization using Bohmian mechanics

Virtual detector theory for strong-field atomic ionization

Canonical tunneling time in ionization experiments

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