The origins of presentence reports can be traced to 1841 with the work of John Augustus, the first probation officer. Presentence reports evolved over the years from reports ordered by the court to promote individualized sentencing recommendations to, in more recent years, recommendations based on determinate sentencing guidelines. Presentence reports are also used in a variety of other contexts, including supervision plans and prison placement decisions. Discussed are the effects of actuarial risk assessments and the dynamics of the courtroom workgroup and the “going rate” on criminal sanctions.