Attitudinal Body-Image Assessment: Factor Analysis of the Body-Self Relations Questionnaire

Brown, Timothy A.; Cash, Thomas F.; Mikulka, Peter J.

doi:10.1080/00223891.1990.9674053

Cited by 557 publications

(480 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ; Brown, Cash, & Mikulka, 1990;Cash, 2000). The MBSRQ has been reported as a valid and reliable measure of trait body image in previous studies (see Cash, 2000).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body region dissatisfaction predicts attention to body regions on other women

2014

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The proliferation of "idealized" (i.e., very thin and attractive) women in the media has contributed to increasing rates of body dissatisfaction among women. However, it remains relatively unknown how women attend to these images: does dissatisfaction predict greater or lesser attention to these body regions on others? Fifty healthy women (mean age = 21.8 years) viewed images of idealized and plus-size models; an eye-tracker recorded visual attention. Participants also completed measures of satisfaction for specific body regions, which were then used as predictors of visual attention to these regions on models. Consistent with an avoidance-type process, lower levels of satisfaction with the two regions of greatest reported concern (mid, lower torso) predicted less attention to these regions; greater satisfaction predicted more attention to these regions. While this visual attention bias may aid in preserving self-esteem when viewing idealized others, it may preclude the opportunity for comparisons that could improve self-esteem.Key Words: body image, eye-tracking, visual attention, body satisfaction, body dissatisfaction, women 3 Body region dissatisfaction predicts attention to body regions on other womenSeveral meta-analyses of experimental studies have shown that exposure to media images of "idealized" (i.e., very thin and attractive) models contributes to body dissatisfaction in women (Grabe, Ward, & Hyde, 2008;Groesz, Levine, & Murnen, 2002), which, in turn, can contribute to other negative outcomes such as disordered eating, obesity, body dysmorphic disorder, depression, and low self-esteem (Dittmar, 2009;Glauert, Rhodes, Fink, & Grammer, 2010;Littleton & Ollendick, 2003). These relationships have been of particular interest due to the significant exposure to these idealized images many women experience (Fouts & Burggraf, 1999, 2000Greenberg, Eastin, Hofschire, Lachlan, & Brownell, 2003; Richens, 1991). The underlying relationships among these variables (i.e., media exposure, body dissatisfaction, and other negative consequences) are undoubtedly complex; research exploring these mechanisms is needed but has been sparse (Tiggemann & McGill, 2004).Despite the primacy of visual material in these relationships, few studies have explored how women perceive or attend to images of other women using objective (non-selfreport) assessment of visual attention, such as eye-tracking, and how these patterns relate to women's own body image concerns. Ju and Johnson (2010) reported that women attended most to models in magazine advertisements, suggesting a prominence of visual appearancerelated information over other types of information (e.g., words). As evidenced by reaction time data, women selectively attended to thin women versus plus-size women regardless of body satisfaction (Glauert et al., 2010). In a study where women viewed images of themselves and others, healthy (i.e., non-eating-disordered) women attended most to others' "ugly" features, patterns which were reversed when they viewed themselves (Janse...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body region dissatisfaction predicts attention to body regions on other women

2014

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“…Participants rate their dissatisfaction with seven body areas on a 5-point rating scale ranging from very dissatisfied (1) to very satisfied (5). The scale has good validity and reliability with adult women (Brown, et al, 1990). Cronbach's alpha was .90 at baseline and .94 post-intervention.…”

Section: Measures Body Dissatisfaction the Body Areas Satisfaction Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Relations Questionnaire (Brown, Cash & Mikulka, 1990) was used to assess body dissatisfaction. Participants rate their dissatisfaction with seven body areas on a 5-point rating scale ranging from very dissatisfied (1) to very satisfied (5).…”

Section: Measures Body Dissatisfaction the Body Areas Satisfaction Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissemination of evidence-based body image interventions: A pilot study into the effectiveness of using undergraduate students as interventionists in secondary schools

et al. 2015

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Dissonance-based body image interventions are among the most effective interventions for adolescent girls. However, dissemination of these interventions remains challenging. In addition, the emerging field of positive body image suggests that interventions should promote body appreciation as well as reduce pathology. The current study examines whether undergraduate students can effectively deliver a dissonance-based intervention to secondary school girls. In addition, it examines whether this intervention can increase body appreciation. Sixty-two adolescent girls were randomly allocated to the intervention or control condition. In the intervention group, body dissatisfaction was significantly reduced and body appreciation was significantly improved from pre-to post-intervention. There were no changes in body dissatisfaction or body appreciation in the control group. There was a reduction in thin-ideal internalization for all participants. These preliminary findings suggest that undergraduate students can be effective interventionists for dissonance-based programs in schools and dissonance-based interventions can promote body appreciation.

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“…Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scales (MBSRQ-AS) 15 is a measure of body image attitudes that was used to gauge explicit differences in body image. This measure includes 69 Likert-scale questions that are divided into seven factor subscales and three multi-item subscales related to self-perceptions of appearance and health.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic Identity and Implicit Anti-fat Bias: Similarities and Differences between African American and Caucasian Women

2016

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Research using self-report or explicit measures of body image suggests African American women have a more accepting view of larger figures than non-Hispanic White (NHW) women. However, increasing research indicates that explicit views may vary from those held at a deeper, implicit level.Our study examined whether African American women held an implicit negative bias toward overweight/fat individuals, despite a greater explicit acceptance of larger body size. Additionally, ethnic identity was measured to assess if strength of identity relates to bias. Anti-fat bias was compared within and between ethnic groups using an Implicit Association Test (IAT), which measures the strength of automatic associations between two concepts. This online IAT measured spontaneous thoughts about figures of various body weights (underweight, overweight, obese) and positive and negative terms (eg, attractive and unattractive or healthy and unhealthy). A pervasive anti-fat bias was found in African American as well as NHW women. For both groups this bias was related to ethnic identity when thinking about figure size and health. Specifically, African American women with lower ethnic identity were more negatively biased and NHW women with higher ethnic identity were more negatively biased. Findings from this study indicate that implicitly there are few differences in the way these two ethnicities classify heavy figures, and therefore African Americans may not be immune to weight stigma. Given the prevalence of obesity and the lack of research on weight stigma among African American women, there is need to address this issue and its impact on well-being. Ethn Dis. 2016;26(1):69-76; doi:10.18865/ed.26.1.69

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Attitudinal Body-Image Assessment: Factor Analysis of the Body-Self Relations Questionnaire

Cited by 557 publications

References 20 publications

Body region dissatisfaction predicts attention to body regions on other women

Body region dissatisfaction predicts attention to body regions on other women

Dissemination of evidence-based body image interventions: A pilot study into the effectiveness of using undergraduate students as interventionists in secondary schools

Ethnic Identity and Implicit Anti-fat Bias: Similarities and Differences between African American and Caucasian Women

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