“…Then, the indirect approach, which is more concerned with conscious awareness; considered as behavioural components (McKenzie, 2010;Javid, Farooq, Umar, & Gulzar, 2017;Lasagabaster, 2017;Nolan, 2013). Terms such as language shift, language policy, the survival of the minority languages, the shift or loss of a language, and language maintenance in sociolinguistics are linked to attitudes in language use (Wilson, Ward, & Fisher, 2013;Kuyumcu, 2014;Dewaele & McCloskey, 2015).…”