Attitudes toward the Punishment of Juvenile and Adult Sexual Offenders in Canada: The Roles of Sentencing Goals and Criminal Justice Motivations

Sparks, Brandon

doi:10.1080/10538712.2020.1862947

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…S obzirom na sve glasnije zahtjeve hrvatske javnosti za pooštravanjem kaznenih politika i što punitivnijim odgovorom na počinjene seksualne delikte, postavlja se pitanje opravdanosti takvih zahtjeva, ali i učinkovitosti punitivnih intervencija na kriminalni povrat. Suvremeni su trendovi u sankcioniranju počinitelja, u anglosaksonskim, ali i drugim državama, u velikoj mjeri već usmjereni na njihovo zatvaranje i/ili socijalno isključivanje, što dovodi do sve veće zabrinutosti znanstvenika i stručnjaka u tim zemljama (Kemshall i MCIvor, 2004;Levenson, Brannon, Fortney i Baker, 2007;Sparks, 2021).…”

Section: Suvremeni Trendovi I Intervencije U Sankcioniranju Počiniteljaunclassified

“…Iako javnost i zakonodavci, pa i profesionalci koji rade u kaznenopravnom sustavu, često podržavaju punitivnost i izoliranje tih počinitelja u okviru kaznenih politika, znanstvenici ostaju skeptični vezano uz potencijale isključivo takvih načina da se zaštite djeca i potencijalne odrasle žrtve (Levenson, Brannon, Fortney i Baker, 2007;Sparks, 2021). Smatraju da se radi o pristupu koji je u prvom redu posljedica emocionalnih odgovora na zaista teška i rijetka kaznena djela, a ne rezultata objektivnih znanstvenih istraživanja, te da se punitivnim pristupom zapravo daje lažna sigurnost građanima (Levenson, Brannon, Fortney i Baker, 2007).…”

Section: Tablica 3 Aktualni Trendovi I Intervencije U Postupanju S Počiniteljima Seksualnih Delikata (Levenson Brannonunclassified

“…Dvije studije provedene u Kanadi (Corăbian, 2016), jedna na uzorku 333 studenata dodiplomskog studija, druga na reprezentativnom uzorku 1008 Kanađana, pokazale su negativne osjećaje većine ispitanika prema počiniteljima seksualnih delikata, uz posebno jaku odbojnost prema mogućem kontaktu sa zlostavljačem djece. Čak se i u zatvoreničkoj populaciji počinitelji seksualnih delikata, a naročito počinitelji seksualnog zlostavljanja djece, nalaze na samom dnu hijerarhije i nerijetko su izloženi različitim oblicima viktimizacije (Sparks, 2021). Ističe se i da je percepcija tih počinitelja kod zatvorskog osoblja često jednako negativna kao i kod zatvorenika (Akerstrom, 1986, prema Ware, Hart i Fragaki, 2008.…”

Section: Značaj Informiranja I Edukacijeunclassified

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Utjecaj mitova i stereotipa na postupanje društva prema počiniteljima seksualnih delikata

Maloić

2021

Kriminol. soc. integr. (Online)

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U inozemnoj se literaturi sve češće nailazi na kritike nekih popularnih suvremenih trendova u sankcioniranju počinitelja seksualnih delikata, pri čemu se sve intenzivnije naglašava značajan utjecaj mitova i stereotipa na takve trendove i primjenu isključivo punitivnih, nedovoljno učinkovitih intervencija. Ciljevi su rada temeljem dostupne znanstvene i stručne literature istražiti i sažeto predočiti neke od najvažnijih mitova i stereotipa povezanih sa seksualnim deliktima i počiniteljima, upozoriti na moguće negativne učinke na prevenciju kriminalnog povrata, te naglasiti i argumentirati značaj napora u njihovu prevladavanju. Pri tome se uz kritički osvrt na prisutne trendove, prethodno usustavljuju i prezentiraju statistički podatci iz relevantnih izvora, rezultati istraživanja i suvremene spoznaje kojima se argumentira stvarna realnost u odnosu na uglavnom znanstveno neutemeljenu percepciju javnosti. U okviru kritičkog osvrta razmotrena je i uputnost prihvaćanja inozemnih punitivnih trendova u hrvatskom zakonodavstvu i penološkoj praksi, uz zaključne preporuke za hrvatski kontekst. S obzirom na nužnost prevladavanja mitova i stereotipa, rad je ujedno sadržajno koncipiran i kao moguća konceptualna okosnica edukacijskih intervencija i/ili potencijalna temeljna odrednica u ciljanoj komunikaciji s medijima i javnošću, ali i kao svojevrsni poticaj i polazište znanstvenih istraživanja o toj temi u hrvatskom kontekstu.

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Section: Suvremeni Trendovi I Intervencije U Sankcioniranju Počiniteljaunclassified

Section: Tablica 3 Aktualni Trendovi I Intervencije U Postupanju S Počiniteljima Seksualnih Delikata (Levenson Brannonunclassified

Section: Značaj Informiranja I Edukacijeunclassified

See 1 more Smart Citation

Utjecaj mitova i stereotipa na postupanje društva prema počiniteljima seksualnih delikata

Maloić

2021

Kriminol. soc. integr. (Online)

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“…Much research has been conducted on people’s attitudes toward those who have sexually offended ( Harper et al, 2017 ). This research spans multiple countries, such as Australia ( Bartels et al, 2020 ; Richards, 2011 ; Shackley et al, 2014 ), Canada ( Sparks, 2021 ), China ( Chui, Cheng, & Ong, 2015 ), Spain ( Marteache, 2012 ), the UK ( Kerr et al, 2018 ; Sanghara & Wilson, 2006 ), and the USA ( Bowman, 2018 ; Socia et al, 2019a ; Wurtele, 2021 ), as well as multiple populations, including forensic professionals ( Conley et al, 2011 ; Mellor & Deering, 2010 ), members of the public ( McCoy & Gray, 2007 ), police officers ( Kite & Tyson, 2004 ), and students ( Fuselier et al, 2002 ). The collective findings from this body of work indicate that, in general, the public hold highly negative attitudes toward individuals who have sexually offended ( Harper et al, 2017 ; Richards & McCartan, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research also indicates that the cognitive and affective components influence punitive judgments. For example, stronger endorsement of stereotypical beliefs about CSA (cognitive component) is associated with greater support for harsher sentencing ( Pickett et al, 2013 ; Sparks, 2021 ; Wurtele, 2018 ) and for residence restrictions ( Budd & Mancini, 2016 ). Further, the endorsement of harsher sentencing is greater when the attitude object is more representative of the “sex offender stereotype” ( Harper & Bartels, 2018 ; King & Roberts, 2017 ; Levenson et al, 2007 ; Mancini et al, 2010 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Perception of Men Who Have Committed Intrafamilial and Extrafamilial Sexual Offences Against Children

Hartley

Bartels

2022

Sex Abuse

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This study examined whether the attitudinal responses toward child sexual abuse (CSA) differ due to the person’s relationship with the victim (intrafamilial vs. extrafamilial) and/or proximity to the victim (close vs. distant). An online sample of 292 participants completed a measure assessing pre-existing attitudes toward people who commit sexual offenses, before being randomly presented with a vignette describing a CSA case committed by a biological father, biological uncle, babysitter, stranger, or stepfather. Participants then rated the perpetrator’s level of dangerousness and pedophilic interest, their own feelings of disgust, and their punitive judgments. Controlling for pre-existing attitudes, the extrafamilial cases (stranger and babysitter) were perceived to be more dangerous (large effects; ds > .50) and more pedophilic than the stepfather (large effects; ds > .60). Also, participants reported greater levels of disgust toward the stranger than both the babysitter and uncle (medium effects ; ds > .30). The findings demonstrate the need to account for the established heterogeneity of men who commit CSA when studying the public’s attitudinal responses. Methodological limitations and suggestions for future research are also discussed.

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A tale of “second chances”: an experimental examination of popular support for early release mechanisms that reconsider long-term prison sentences

Berryessa

2021

J Exp Criminol

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Objectives This study examines US popular support for mechanisms that provide early release and “second chances” for individuals serving long-term prison sentences. Methods An experiment using a national sample of US adults ( N =836). Results Data showed moderate, consistent levels of general support for using a range of commonly available “second chance” mechanisms that also extended to offenders convicted of both violent and non-violent offenses. Levels of support significantly varied by race, gender, and age. There was significantly more support for using certain mechanisms in response to the trafficking of serious drugs, which was fully mediated by participants’ views on the importance of the cost of incarceration. Conclusions Members of the public appear open and supportive to utilizing “second chance” mechanisms in a variety of contexts. Yet the cost of incarceration to taxpayers appears to particularly motivate increased public interest in using such mechanisms for offenders convicted of the trafficking of serious drugs.

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Attitudes toward the Punishment of Juvenile and Adult Sexual Offenders in Canada: The Roles of Sentencing Goals and Criminal Justice Motivations

Cited by 4 publications

References 69 publications

Utjecaj mitova i stereotipa na postupanje društva prema počiniteljima seksualnih delikata

Utjecaj mitova i stereotipa na postupanje društva prema počiniteljima seksualnih delikata

Public Perception of Men Who Have Committed Intrafamilial and Extrafamilial Sexual Offences Against Children

A tale of “second chances”: an experimental examination of popular support for early release mechanisms that reconsider long-term prison sentences

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