Attitudes Toward a Potential SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine

Fisher, Kimberly A.; Bloomstone, Sarah J; Walder, Jeremy; Crawford, Sybil L.; Fouayzi, Hassan; Mazor, Kathleen M.

doi:10.7326/m20-3569

Cited by 1,068 publications

(1,491 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Consistent with the present study, other studies appearing after our study had been completed have found that vaccination hesitancy is associated with negative attitudes toward a SARSCoV2 vaccine, including concerns about safety and efficacy (Fisher et al, 2020;Neumann-Böhme et al, 2020;Palamenghi et al, 2020), and doubts about the necessity for vaccination (Dodd et al, 2020). Findings from the present study, along with results from previous studies, have important implications for public policy.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

A Proactive Approach for Managing COVID-19: The Importance of Understanding the Motivational Roots of Vaccination Hesitancy for SARS-CoV2

et al. 2020

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Importance: Vaccination hesitancy-the reluctance or refusal to be vaccinated-is a leading global health threat (World Health Organization, 2019). It is imperative to identify the prevalence of vaccination hesitancy for SARS-CoV2 in order to understand the scope of the problem and to identify its motivational roots in order to proactively prepare to address the problem when a vaccine eventually becomes available. Objective: To identify (1) the prevalence of vaccination hesitancy for a SARS-CoV2 vaccine, (2) the motivational roots of this hesitancy, and (3) the most promising incentives for improving the likelihood of vaccination uptake when a vaccine does become available. Design, Setting, and Participants: A cross-sectional sample of 3,674 American and Canadian adults assessed during the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020. Main Outcomes: Measures of vaccination intention (i.e., "If a vaccine for COVID-19 was available, would you get vaccinated?"), attitudes toward vaccines in general and specific to SARS-CoV2 using the Vaccination Attitudes Examination Scale, and incentives for getting vaccinated for those who reported they would not get vaccinated. Results: Many American (25%) and Canadian (20%) respondents said that they would not get vaccinated against SARS-CoV2 if a vaccine was available. Nonadherence rates of this magnitude would make it difficult or impossible to achieve herd immunity. Vaccine rejection was most strongly correlated with mistrust of vaccine benefit, and also correlated with worry about unforeseen future effects, concerns about commercial profiteering from pharmaceutical companies, and preferences for natural immunity. When asked about incentives for getting vaccinated, respondents were most likely to report that evidence for rigorous testing and safety of the vaccine were of greatest importance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

A Proactive Approach for Managing COVID-19: The Importance of Understanding the Motivational Roots of Vaccination Hesitancy for SARS-CoV2

et al. 2020

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“…Based on estimates that vaccination coverage of close to 75% may be required to vaccinate to eradicate coronavirus 4,5,10,26 , our estimates that close to 50% of the population may be willing to vaccinate are concerning. It will now be critical to better understand the reasons why a large proportion of the population are sceptical about vaccination against COVID-19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, a nationally representative study of adults in China conducted in March found that 9 out of 10 would accept a vaccine when available 8 . US studies conducted early in the pandemic found that between 58% and 86% of adults reported they were likely to be vaccinated against COVID-19 6,[9][10][11] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 in the US: Longitudinal evidence from a nationally representative sample of adults from April–October 2020

Daly

Robinson

2020

Preprint

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IntroductionVaccines against COVID-19 have been developed in unprecedented time. However, the effectiveness of any vaccine is dictated by the proportion of the population willing to be vaccinated. In this observational population-based study we examined intentions to be vaccinated against COVID-19 over the course of the pandemic.MethodsWe analyzed longitudinal data from a nationally representative sample of 7,547 US adults enrolled in the Understanding America Study (UAS). Participants reporting being willing, undecided and unwilling to get vaccinated against coronavirus across 13 assessments conducted from April-October, 2020. Public attitudes to vaccination against the coronavirus were also assessed.ResultsWillingness to vaccinate declined from 71% in April to 53.6% in October. This was explained by an increase in the percentage of participants undecided about vaccinating (from 10.5% to 14.4%) and the portion of the sample unwilling to vaccinate (from 18.5% to 32%). The population subgroups most likely to be undecided/unwilling to vaccinate were those without a degree (undecided: RRR=2.47, 95% CI: 2.04-3.00; unwilling: RRR=1.92, 95% CI: 1.67-2.20), Black participants (undecided: RRR=2.18, 95% CI: 1.73-2.74; unwilling: RRR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.63-2.42), and females (undecided: RRR=1.41, 95% CI: 1.20-1.65; unwilling: RRR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.14-1.46). Those aged 65+, those on high incomes, and other race/ethnicity participants were least likely to be undecided or unwilling to vaccinate. Concerns about potential side effects of a vaccine were common.ConclusionsIntentions to be vaccinated against coronavirus have declined rapidly during the pandemic and close to half of Americans are undecided or unwilling to be vaccinated.

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“…This level of hesitancy among US adults about vaccination against COVID-19 is similar to a separate study among adults (not limited to parents with minor children) fielded about 6 weeks earlier, which also found associations of hesitancy with younger adult age and lower educational attainment. 2 Greater hesitancy regarding childhood vaccines is also commonly associated with less education among parents, often related to strong belief systems regarding risks of disease versus risks of inoculation. 5,6 Our study may be limited by a sample that included a disproportionately high number of high-income respondents, although this is similar to other recent national surveys of this topic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vaccination against COVID-19 will likely involve children in order to mitigate transmission risks in school and daycare settings. 1 Successful implementation of a COVID-19 immunization program in the United States will depend on factors commonly associated with vaccination patterns, such as sociodemographic characteristics, 2 and may also relate to environmental exposures such as COVID-19 case incidence and mortality rates. No peer-reviewed studies have examined parents' likelihood to vaccinate their children and themselves against COVID-19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parents’ Likelihood to Vaccinate Their Children and Themselves Against COVID-19

Davis

Zickafoose

Halvorson

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundVaccination against COVID-19 will likely involve children in order to mitigate transmission risks in community settings. Successful implementation of COVID-19 immunization in the United States may hinge on factors associated with parents’ likelihood of immunizing their children and themselves.MethodsWe fielded a national household survey in English and Spanish from June 5-10, 2020 (n=1,008). Parents were asked about their likelihood of immunizing their children and themselves against COVID-19. We fit separate regression models of parents’ likelihood to vaccinate themselves and their children against COVID-19, using bivariate and multivariable approaches in analyses weighted to be nationally representative.ResultsOverall, 63% of parents (95% CI: 59%, 66%) were likely to vaccinate their children against COVID-19, and 60% (57%, 64%) were likely to get a vaccine themselves. These responses were highly correlated (Pearson’s r=0.89). Parent age, sex, marital status, education level, and income were all associated with parents’ likelihood to vaccinate their children and themselves in bivariate analyses; race/ethnicity was significantly associated with parents’ likelihood to vaccinate their children. In multivariable analyses, younger parents were significantly less likely than older parents to vaccinate their children and themselves against COVID-19, as were parents with high school or less education compared with parents with bachelor’s degrees and non-Hispanic White parents compared with Hispanic parents (all p<.05).ConclusionIn this national survey, only approximately 60% of U.S. parents stated that they are likely to vaccinate their children or themselves against COVID-19. Addressing parents’ hesitancy to vaccinate themselves and their children against COVID-19 will be instrumental to achieving herd immunity in the US.

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Attitudes Toward a Potential SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine

Cited by 1,068 publications

References 27 publications

A Proactive Approach for Managing COVID-19: The Importance of Understanding the Motivational Roots of Vaccination Hesitancy for SARS-CoV2

A Proactive Approach for Managing COVID-19: The Importance of Understanding the Motivational Roots of Vaccination Hesitancy for SARS-CoV2

Willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 in the US: Longitudinal evidence from a nationally representative sample of adults from April–October 2020

Parents’ Likelihood to Vaccinate Their Children and Themselves Against COVID-19

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