Attitudes of pharmacists and physicians to antibiotic policies in hospitals

Adu, Ammishaddai; Simpson, J. M.; Armour, Carol

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.1999.00216.x

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Organisation-level analysis was observed for scales assessing penetration and sustainability, though the overall number of these scales was small. Summary of level of analysis across outcomes as follows: Acceptability: consumer = 10 [ 23 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 42 , 44 , 51 , 52 , 57 , 59 ], provider = 27 [ 24 – 36 , 38 , 40 , 43 , 45 – 50 , 53 – 56 , 58 ] Appropriateness: consumer = 3 [ 61 – 63 ], provider = 3 [ 46 , 60 , 64 ], both consumer and provider = 1 [ 65 ] Adoption: consumer = 1 [ 66 ], provider = 3 [ 67 – 69 ] Feasibility: provider = 4 [ 46 , 70 , 71 , 80 ] Penetration: organisation = 4 [ 72 – 75 ] Sustainability: provider = 2 [ 76 , 77 ], organisation = 2 [ 78 , 79 ] …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation outcome instruments for use in physical healthcare settings: a systematic review

et al. 2020

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Background: Implementation research aims to facilitate the timely and routine implementation and sustainment of evidence-based interventions and services. A glaring gap in this endeavour is the capability of researchers, healthcare practitioners and managers to quantitatively evaluate implementation efforts using psychometrically sound instruments. To encourage and support the use of precise and accurate implementation outcome measures, this systematic review aimed to identify and appraise studies that assess the measurement properties of quantitative implementation outcome instruments used in physical healthcare settings. Method: The following data sources were searched from inception to March 2019, with no language restrictions: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, HMIC, CINAHL and the Cochrane library. Studies that evaluated the measurement properties of implementation outcome instruments in physical healthcare settings were eligible for inclusion. Proctor et al.'s taxonomy of implementation outcomes was used to guide the inclusion of implementation outcomes: acceptability, appropriateness, feasibility, adoption, penetration, implementation cost and sustainability. Methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) checklist. Psychometric quality of the included instruments was assessed using the Contemporary Psychometrics checklist (ConPsy). Usability was determined by number of items per instrument.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation outcome instruments for use in physical healthcare settings: a systematic review

et al. 2020

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“…In Italy, Moro et al 14 conducted a national survey of 448 hospitals in which 90% respondents reported having a formulary control but only 28% used a combination of formulary control, pharmacy committee, written justification for use and routine analysis of antimicrobial data. In 1999, Adu et al 15 surveyed Directors of Pharmacy in New South Wales, Australia, to identify resources they considered essential for the implementation and evaluation of antibiotic policies. Fifty-two public hospitals responded with most of the hospitals reporting inadequate pharmacy personnel time and a lack of pharmacists with drug use evaluation expertise as major barriers to successful implementation and evaluation of antibiotic policies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Snapshot of Antimicrobial Stewardship in Australian Hospitals

Chen

Khumra

Eaton

et al. 2010

Pharmacy Practice and Res

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Background:The diminishing investment into the development of new antimicrobials is of significant global concern. This, coupled with the emergence of anti-infective drug resistance, highlights the need to both prolong and optimise the use of existing antimicrobials. Strategies or programs to optimise antimicrobial use fall under the broad heading of antimicrobial stewardship. Aim: To identify the types of antimicrobial stewardship programs in existence in Australian hospitals and their perceived success. Method: Directors of Pharmacy or their nominees (n = 281) working in Australian hospitals were surveyed to identify their institutional antimicrobial stewardship programs. Infectious disease clinicians, infection control nurses and hospital pharmacists were recruited for the qualitative interviews. They were interviewed until saturation of themes was identified. All of the interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed for common themes.

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“…21 The attitudes of pharmacists and physicians to policies is likely to be one of the important factors that may affect their compliance with, and hence the ultimate effectiveness of, such policies. 22 Although several studies have evaluated the accuracy of measuring medicines in various devices, this study has linked this with the prescribing of appropriate doses. It is only through this combination that administration of an appropriate dose can be ensured.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid medication dosing errors: a pre-post time series in India

Angalakuditi

Sunderland

2003

International Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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Objective To evaluate the influence of pharmacist intervention on the level of parental dosing measurement errors and paediatrician dosage prescribing in a clinic in India. Setting and study design The study was conducted at Srujan Hospital for Sick Children, India. It used a time series design with two groups of patients. Group 1 involved 175 children prescribed paracetamol and assigned to usual care. Following an educational intervention for the hospital paediatricians, including feedback on dosages prescribed for Group 1 and promotion of a dosing chart, 162 patients were recruited to the intervention group (Group 2). Parents in Group 1 received paracetamol suspension and verbal instructions from hospital staff (standard care). Parents in Group 2 were provided with a syringe with a line marking the prescribed dose and its use was demonstrated to them by the pharmacist. Data on the dosages prescribed and measurement accuracy by parents were obtained for both groups. Main outcome measures Measurement of correct dosages by parents, and prescribing of appropriate dosages by paediatricians. Results In Group 1, 85 of 175 parents (48.6%) measured the correct dose (±0.5 ml) and paediatricians prescribed appropriate dosages in 67 of 175 cases (38.2%). In Group 2, 160 of 162 parents (98.7%) measured the correct dose and paediatricians prescribed appropriate dosages in 160 of 162 cases (98.7%), showing statistically significant improvements in both indicators (P < 0.001). When the impact of prescribing and dosing correctness was combined on an individual patient basis, 76 of 175 (43.4%) were appropriate in Group 1, and 160 of 162 (98.7%) were appropriate in Group 2. There was a statistically significant improvement (P < 0.001) in appropriate dosing outcome between the two groups. Conclusion Pharmacist intervention through patient education, including the use of a syringe, significantly improved parents' dosing accuracy. Pharmacists' feedback resulted in a reduction in physicians' prescribing errors in a country where pharmacist involvement is currently minimal.

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Attitudes of pharmacists and physicians to antibiotic policies in hospitals

Abstract: There was a positive overall attitude to hospital antibiotic policies expressed by pharmacists and physicians.

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Implementation outcome instruments for use in physical healthcare settings: a systematic review

Implementation outcome instruments for use in physical healthcare settings: a systematic review

Snapshot of Antimicrobial Stewardship in Australian Hospitals

Liquid medication dosing errors: a pre-post time series in India

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