Attitudes and Awareness Toward Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine Adoption Among Health Sciences Trainees: Experience from Greece and Lessons for Europe

Siamoglou, Stavroula; Koromina, Maria; Politopoulou, Konstantina; Samiou, Chryssa-Georgia; Papadopoulou, Georgia; Balasopoulou, Angeliki; Kanavos, Andreas; Mitropoulou, Christina; Patrinos, George P.; Vasileiou, Konstantinos

doi:10.1089/omi.2020.0230

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Using the same set of questions, only less than one-third of undergraduates in the study by Mahmutovic et al displayed a negative attitude, in contrast to over 50% in Hong Kong. Similarly, a recent study on 346 undergraduates in Greece has demonstrated that students were very optimistic about the usefulness of GT, and professed positive anticipations on PGx for disease management [ 59 ]. The trend of pessimism among local undergraduates could be potentially explained by the phenomenon that Asians are more pessimistic in general as compared to other ethnic groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the assessment of PGx and PM coverage in undergraduate education, recent studies also evaluated the perception and awareness of undergraduates on related concepts, with most undergraduates having a positive attitude towards PGx and PM [56][57][58][59]. These studies served as the groundwork for educational bodies on revising curriculum maps; and for the national and international community to determine the future direction of implementing PGx and PM into public education and clinical practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perception of personalized medicine, pharmacogenomics, and genetic testing among undergraduates in Hong Kong

Cheung

Fung

et al. 2021

Hum Genomics

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Background The global development and advancement of genomic medicine in the recent decade has accelerated the implementation of personalized medicine (PM) and pharmacogenomics (PGx) into clinical practice, while catalyzing the emergence of genetic testing (GT) with relevant ethical, legal, and social implications (ELSI). Results The perception of university undergraduates with regards to PM and PGx was investigated, and 80% of undergraduates valued PM as a promising healthcare model with 66% indicating awareness of personal genome testing companies. When asked about the curriculum design towards PM and PGx, compared to undergraduates in non-medically related curriculum, those studying in medically related curriculum had an adjusted 7.2 odds of perceiving that their curriculum was well-designed for learning PGx (95% CI 3.6–14.6) and a 3.7 odds of perceiving that PGx was important in their study (95% CI 2.0–6.8). Despite this, only 16% of medically related curriculum undergraduates would consider embarking on future education on PM. When asked about their perceptions on GT, 60% rated their genetic knowledge as “School Biology” level or below while 76% would consider undergoing a genetic test. As for ELSI, 75% of undergraduates perceived that they were aware of ethical issues of GT in general, particularly on “Patient Privacy” (80%) and “Data Confidentiality” (68%). Undergraduates were also asked about their perceived reaction upon receiving an unfavorable result from GT, and over half of the participants perceived that they would feel “helpless or pessimistic” (56%), “inadequate or different” (59%), and “disadvantaged at job seeking” (59%), while older undergraduates had an adjusted 2.0 odds of holding the latter opinion (95% CI 1.1–3.5), compared to younger undergraduates. Conclusion Hong Kong undergraduates showed a high awareness of PM but insufficient genetic knowledge and low interest in pursuing a career towards PM. They were generally aware of ethical issues of GT and especially concerned about patient privacy and data confidentiality. There was a predominance of pessimistic views towards unfavorable testing results. This study calls for the attention to evaluate education and talent development on genomics, and update existing legal frameworks on genetic testing in Hong Kong.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perception of personalized medicine, pharmacogenomics, and genetic testing among undergraduates in Hong Kong

Cheung

Fung

et al. 2021

Hum Genomics

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“…The instrument employed in this research was a validated questionnaire elaborated by the Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Individualized Therapy at the Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Greece in collaboration with the Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Malaya, Malaysia which has already been published [ 10 , 11 ]. Considering its aim and objectives, this study focused on students’ perceptions probed by close-ended questions regarding 6 topics of interest; (1) Students’ genetic training, (2) Benefits of genetic testing on disease management, (3) PGx benefits on drug management, (4) Concerns (risks) about genetics, (5) Attitudes towards genetics’ research and testing usefulness and (6) Students’ intention to adopt genetic testing for personal use (Additional file 1 : Table S1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our group has an active research interest in assessing and reporting the level of awareness of pharmacy students regarding genetic testing and its application in Greece [ 8 ]. In previous surveys, we have investigated the perceptions and attitudes of medical and pharmacy health science students towards genetic testing in Southeast Asia and Southern Europe, gaining insight into their existing perceptions [ 10 , 11 ]. Evidently, it was possible to estimate the adoption level of PM in Malaysia and Greece correspondingly by pinpointing the main factors that affect genetic testing adoption and to explore the impact that cultural differences exert on technological innovation acceptance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining key factors impact on health science students’ intentions to adopt genetic and pharmacogenomics testing: a comparative path analysis in two different healthcare settings

et al. 2022

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Background There is an increasing interest worldwide in investigating healthcare stakeholders’ perceptions and intentions to adopt pharmacogenomics (PGx) into clinical practice. However, the existing inquiries based on well-established theories and models that interpret their intentions to implement PGx are scarce. This study is the first that examines the impact of selected factors on health science students’ intention to adopt genetic testing applications using the technology acceptance model while it compares two different cultural groups: Greeks (Europe; Christian) and Malays (Asia; Muslim). Results Malay students were more persuaded about benefits of genomics for drug management compared to their Greek counterparts. However, participants from both countries appear to be particularly convinced about the benefits of genomics on disease management. Moreover, students from both countries considered the potential misuse of genetic information by corporate or government bodies as their most important concern; Greek students appeared to be considerably less worried than Malay about other probable hazards such as the deficient protection of privacy and confidentiality, which could be attributed to their religious background. Participants from both samples expressed very positive attitudes towards genetic research and testing and their favourable intentions to adopt genetic testing for personal use. Exploratory factors analysis and path analysis yielded quite similar results for both samples. Path analysis revealed that the factors of attitudes, concerns, drug management benefits and disease management benefits significantly influenced students’ intentions to adopt genetic testing for personal use, with attitudes being the most inspirational factor with rather high impact, while training did not seem to affect participant’s intentions. The squared multiple correlation of both models was quite satisfactory reaching to 0.55 for the Malaysian sample. Conclusion Similarities in the results of the two groups along with the relevant validity and reliability tests indicate that the proposed model is a good fit for future studies to interpret stakeholders’ intentions to adopt genetic testing. Therefore, it can provide a promising and reliable basis for future model development to explain the relationships between intentions to adopt genetic testing and its predictors.

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“…PGx and its applications are viewed as important and beneficial to patients, yet confidence in its application remains lacking. In a survey of health sciences and other university students, Siamoglou and colleagues found that the students held positive attitudes towards PGx and its benefits on disease management, drug efficacy, and reduction of adverse effects [ 12 ]. Zawiah and colleagues found strong support from pharmacy and medical students of PGx testing to help to decrease adverse events, optimize drug dosing and improve drug efficacy [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacy Student Perceptions of a Virtual Pharmacogenomics Activity

et al. 2022

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Pharmacogenomics (PGx) utilizes a patient’s genome to guide drug treatment and dosing. The Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) included PGx as a critical content area. Pharmacists are increasingly involved in providing this service, which necessitates training. Second-year pharmacy students at Samford University McWhorter School of Pharmacy have didactic training in the principles of PGx and managing drug therapy using PGx data. A clinical skills lab activity was developed to reinforce these principles and allow students to navigate resources to develop and communicate recommendations for drug therapy. The activity was initially planned as synchronous, but transitioned to asynchronous when students began remote learning in the spring of 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The investigators sought students’ perceptions of the PGx lab activity and the delivery of its content via a virtual format. This study gathered data from an anonymous, voluntary student survey through Samford University’s course management system, Canvas, in the spring of 2020 soon after completion of the virtual PGx learning activity. The investigators’ goal is to obtain the information and insights obtained from the students who participated in the PGx lab activity to provide guidance for the improvement of their PGx lab activity and for other schools of pharmacy to deliver a PGx lab activities using nontraditional teaching methodologies.

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Attitudes and Awareness Toward Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine Adoption Among Health Sciences Trainees: Experience from Greece and Lessons for Europe

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Perception of personalized medicine, pharmacogenomics, and genetic testing among undergraduates in Hong Kong

Perception of personalized medicine, pharmacogenomics, and genetic testing among undergraduates in Hong Kong

Examining key factors impact on health science students’ intentions to adopt genetic and pharmacogenomics testing: a comparative path analysis in two different healthcare settings

Pharmacy Student Perceptions of a Virtual Pharmacogenomics Activity

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