Attitudes about alcohol: A general review

Crawford, Alex

doi:10.1016/0376-8716(87)90017-2

Cited by 31 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 163 publications

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“…Many researchers have also noted that attitudes are a poor predictor of behavior (65,(112)(113)(114)(115)(116)(117) and that attitude change does not necessarily lead to behavior change (46,(118)(119)(120)(121). Although it is often assumed that improved attitudes must Primary Care Providers' Willingness lo Intetvene 207 lead to improved clinical performance, this is not supported by research evidence…”

Section: The Attitudes-behavior Conundrummentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Farrell and Lewis (log), for instance, have argued that simple semantic differentials are of limited usefulness in ascertaining doctors' attitudes toward complex phenomena such as drug and alcohol use, and they further suggest that the older research in this area is weakened by its preoccupation with the disease concept of alcoholism. Consequently, numerous calls have been made for more sophisticated models of attitudes and more appropriate assessment instruments (110)(111)(112), however, no such models have been forthcoming to date.…”

Section: The Attitudes-behavior Conundrummentioning

confidence: 98%

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Increasing Primary Care Providers’ Willingness to Intervene in Alcohol- and Drug-Related Problems: A Review¹

Roche

1996

Substance Abuse

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Over the past decade increased attention has focused on the role of primary care physicians in the treatnient of dnig atid alcohol problems. Compelling aigiments have been proffered in their slipport iiicliiding high prevalence levels witliin coniniiinity poprilatioiis and frequency of presentation in primary care settings. In addition, ready access, !lie notistigmatizing setting, and proven efficacy of physician-delivered early intervention add further weight to primary care provider involvement. However, a complex relationship exists between treatnient providers and potential recipients-and greater involvement is hampered by niinieroiis factors. For instance, substantial evidence suggests that primary care providers are less than entliusiastic, are inadequately infomed, and perfomi poorly with regard to identification and treatment of dnig and alcohol problems. These deficits are examined from several perspectives. Doctors' willingness to intervene (IWI) is discussed in relation to a recently developed model ivliicli encompasses fortr key components: the doctor factor, the patient factoG the context factor, and the doctor-patient interaction factor. Some components of this model are disciissed in relation to barriers fo wider involvement by primary care physicians. The extent to, wliicli poor knowledge levels may impact ripon provision of treatment is examined and discussed in light of recent Aiistralian and Canadian siirveys of primary care pliysicians' knowledge and attitudes, Finally, consideration is given to a novel application of Skog's (1) social contagion theory, to tlie effect that when patients are siiccessfiilly coiinseled to reduce their alcohol consumption, they influence their social contacts to do likewise. Such an effect would multiply the benefits to the community arising from the provider5 siiccessfii I detection and management of an individiial patient's alcohol or other dnig-related problems. A n experimental protocol to test this theory is described.KEY WORDS: primary care; intervention; substance use; drug and alcohol problems; treatment.'Based on a paper presented at

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Section: The Attitudes-behavior Conundrummentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: The Attitudes-behavior Conundrummentioning

confidence: 98%

Increasing Primary Care Providers’ Willingness to Intervene in Alcohol- and Drug-Related Problems: A Review¹

Roche

1996

Substance Abuse

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“…A legitimate supposition, in this case, would be that such a result can be explained not in terms of the time spent in these activities but in terms of the moral code implicit in religious groups. Crawford, in his extensive review of alcohol-related attitudes, has pointed to a greater tolerance on the part of non-religious groups regarding alcohol use [8], while Knupfer and Room have found that a sizable proportion of American non-drinkers justified their option by their religious principles [9]. Also in this matter, Selnow and Crano state that, "In such groups, initiation of adolescent members includes not only the introduction to formal credos of the groups, but also, perhaps through subtle pressures, the awareness of codes and standards that bind together members of the organization" [lo].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Extracurricular Activities: Are They an Effective Strategy against Drug Consumption?

Carlini-Cotrim

Carvalho

1993

J Drug Educ

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This work describes data obtained among 16,117 high-school students in fifteen Brazilian cities, involving participation in a number of extracurricular activities and consumption of drugs and alcohol. In the great majority of cases, no association was found between attendance of artistic-, community-, or sports-related activities and the use of these substances. On the other hand, a weak but constant negative association was found involving alcohol/drug consumption and attendance of religious activities. The authors discuss these findings in the light of some current preconceptions prevailing in Brazilian society: namely, that such activities constitute effective strategies for drug use prevention and the "idle" young persons tend to be potential drug users. They also discuss the implications that among students involved in religious activities drug and alcohol consumption was shown to become slightly lower.

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“…Dados semelhantes foram detectados recentemente em relação a 1.779 estudantes norte-americanos que freqüentavam o "college": usuários e não usuários de drogas participavam indistintamente de atividades esportivas, clubes, associações e organizações políticas 6 . Os presentes achados põem em discussão algumas idéias bastante difundidas na sociedade brasileira, que tendem a conceber o tempo livre como propiciador de comportamentos de risco.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Neste caso, é legítimo supor que tal resultado se explique, não pela ocupação de tempo que tais atividades demandam, mas pelo código moral subjacente a grupos religiosos. De fato, em extensa revisão sobre as atitudes em relação ao álcool, Crawford 6 apontou para uma maior tolerância de grupos não religiosos em relação ao consumo de álcool. Já Knupfer e Room 7 encontraram uma proporção razoável de abstêmios norte-americanos que justificavam tal comportamento pela sua moral religiosa.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Atividades extra-curriculares e prevenção ao abuso de drogas: uma questão polêmica

Carvalho

Carlini-Cotrim

1992

Rev. Saúde Pública

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O presente trabalho descreve dados colhidos entre 16.117 estudantes de primeiro e segundo graus, de quinze cidades brasileiras, sobre a prática de algumas atividades não curriculares e o consumo de álcool e drogas. Não foi encontrada, na ampla maioria dos casos, nenhuma associação entre praticar esportes, artes e atividades comunitárias e o consumo dessas substâncias. Mas foi encontrada correlação negativa fraca, mas constante, entre consumo de álcool e drogas e freqüência a atividades religiosas. Os achados são discutidos à luz de alguns preconceitos correntes na sociedade brasileira, que rotula o jovem sem ocupação definida como drogado em potencial. Discutem também as implicações do fato de entre os jovens praticantes de atividades religiosas haver uma discreta diminuição do uso de álcool e drogas.

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Attitudes about alcohol: A general review

Cited by 31 publications

References 163 publications

Increasing Primary Care Providers’ Willingness to Intervene in Alcohol- and Drug-Related Problems: A Review¹

Increasing Primary Care Providers’ Willingness to Intervene in Alcohol- and Drug-Related Problems: A Review¹

Extracurricular Activities: Are They an Effective Strategy against Drug Consumption?

Atividades extra-curriculares e prevenção ao abuso de drogas: uma questão polêmica

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Attitudes about alcohol: A general review

Cited by 31 publications

References 163 publications

Increasing Primary Care Providers’ Willingness to Intervene in Alcohol- and Drug-Related Problems: A Review1

Increasing Primary Care Providers’ Willingness to Intervene in Alcohol- and Drug-Related Problems: A Review1

Extracurricular Activities: Are They an Effective Strategy against Drug Consumption?

Atividades extra-curriculares e prevenção ao abuso de drogas: uma questão polêmica

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Increasing Primary Care Providers’ Willingness to Intervene in Alcohol- and Drug-Related Problems: A Review¹

Increasing Primary Care Providers’ Willingness to Intervene in Alcohol- and Drug-Related Problems: A Review¹