Attenuation of exposure-response curves in occupational cohort studies at high exposure levels

Stayner, Leslie T.; Steenland, Kyle; Dosemeci, Mustafa; Hertz‐Picciotto, Irva

doi:10.5271/sjweh.737

Cited by 151 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Com isso, a seguir, foi possível obter um breve panorama acerca dos recentes estudos que tem sido publicados referentes ao tema 8 . Para o câncer de pulmão, Steenland et al 10 , este risco sobe para 10,9% da população. Os principais agentes carcinogênicos ocupacionais para a leucemia são a radiação ionizante externa, o benzeno, o óxido de etileno, a indústria da borracha, a fabricação e o reparo de botas e sapatos.…”

Section: Risco Atribuívelunclassified

“…Steenland et al 10 relataram que o risco atribuível para o câncer de laringe encontra-se entre 1,5 e 20%. As principais substâncias carcinogênicas ocupacionais são o ácido sulfúri-co, óleos minerais e o amianto, além das operações de decapagem que também se constituem como exposição de potencial carcinogênico.…”

Section: Risco Atribuívelunclassified

“…O câncer de pele possui, nos estudos de Steenland et al 10 , um risco atribuível de 1,5 a 6,0%. Como exemplo das principais exposições carcinogênicas do ambiente de trabalho, encontramos a radiação solar intensiva, os arremessos de alcatrão de carvão, o alcatrão de carvão, os óleos de xisto, o arsênico, os óleos minerais, os hidrocarbonetos aromáticos policíclicos.…”

Section: Risco Atribuívelunclassified

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Câncer relacionado ao trabalho: uma revisão sistemática

2013

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Cad. Saúde Colet., 2013, Rio de Janeiro, 21 (2): 209-23 209 RevisãoResumo A exposição a substâncias carcinogênicas é reconhecidamente maior nos ambientes de trabalho, e muitas destas foram assim classificadas a partir de estudos epidemiológicos realizados com populações trabalhadoras. O objetivo do estudo foi realizar uma revisão integrativa sobre os principais agentes carcinogênicos presentes no ambiente de trabalho, bem como as principais topografias acometidas por estas substâncias. Foi realizado levantamento nas bases de dados LILACS e MEDLI-NE, cujo termo de busca foi "occupational cancer" e "câncer ocupacional". Observou-se que os artigos apontam para o fato de ser provável que a exposição ambiental/ocupacional à agentes químicos de uma forma geral esteja contribuindo também para o adoecimento da população, sem que uma relação entre causa e efeito seja estabelecida. A difusão de substâncias químicas não ocorre exclusivamente através das conhecidas formas de poluição. Portanto, é de fundamental importância a construção de um sistema de vigilância destes agravos que cumpra dois objetivos principais: a identificação e controle de ambientes de trabalho onde existe potencial exposição à agentes carcinogênicos e a sistematização de informações necessárias à realização de estudos epidemiológicos de caráter exploratório ou analítico.Palavras-chave: câncer; saúde do trabalhador; saúde pública. AbstractExposure to carcinogenic substances is known in most work environments, and many of these were classified as from epidemiological studies on working populations. The objective of this study is an integrative review on the main carcinogens at work environment as well as the main topographies affected by these substances. Survey was conducted in the databases MEDLINE and LILACS, whose term has been "câncer ocupacional" and "occupational cancer". It was observed that the articles point to the fact that it is likely that exposure to environmental/occupational to chemicals in general is also contribute to the disease population, without any relationship between cause and effect is established. The diffusion of chemicals does not occur exclusively through the known forms of pollution. It is therefore of paramount importance to build a surveillance system that meets these injuries two main objectives: to identify and control work environments where there is potential exposure to carcinogenic agents and systematization of information necessary to conduct epidemiological studies, whether exploratory or analytical.

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Section: Risco Atribuívelunclassified

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Câncer relacionado ao trabalho: uma revisão sistemática

2013

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“…If risk increases at higher levels of exposure, alternative explanations other than causality become less tenable. Results from several occupational cohort mortality studies suggest that under certain circumstances, exposureresponse function/gradients may be nonlinear [22]. Indeed, Hill specifically notes that a nonlinear exposure response gradient may reflect complexities in the relationship, rather than no relationship [15].…”

Section: Definition and Identification Of Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Workshop Report: Evaluation of Epidemiological Data Consistency for Application in Regulatory Risk Assessment

White¹,

Fox²,

Cooper³

et al. 2013

TOEPIJ

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Abstract:Epidemiological study results have a key role in the assessment of health risks associated with exposures to chemicals and pollutants, and often serve as the basis for the development of regulatory limits for environmental and occupational health. A key uncertainty in the application of epidemiological study results in risk assessments stems from variability in defining and operationalizing the concept of consistency of findings across studies, with assessments of consistency often a controversial component of risk assessments. Although assessment of consistency of findings across a diverse collection of epidemiological studies is central to evaluating that body of evidence for supporting causal inferences, the variability in definition and formal evaluation methods strongly suggest the need for constructive approaches to consistently and transparently evaluate data consistency.In response to the need to improve approaches to assessing consistency in epidemiological study results, the Johns Hopkins Risk Sciences and Public Policy Institute organized a workshop held in Baltimore, Maryland in September 2010 to identify and discuss key methodological issues, and to develop recommendations for qualitative and quantitative approaches to addressing those issues. A multi-disciplinary approach was utilized for the workshop, involving invited experts from a variety of fields, and the invited participants were drawn from academia, industry, government, and the public interest sectors. This report provides a summary of selected epidemiology methodological issues discussed by the workshop participants and provides the workshop's key findings and recommendations for future approaches to addressing this issue.

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“…Three explanations should help to understand this finding. Firstly, it is a known phenomenon in occupational epidemiology that, against all expectations, the risk of an undesired outcome tends to decline at high levels of exposure in exposure-response curves because of the healthy worker effect (29,30). Senior medical consultants with mental health problems might have reduced their work hours, withdrawn from their position as a consultant, or been excluded by the criteria of no redemption of AD drug prescription at study entry.…”

Section: Interpretation Of Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%