Attenuation of arterial baroreflex control of renal sympathetic nerve activity during lidocaine infusion in alpha–chloralose–anesthetized dogso

Yoneda, Ikuo; Nishizawa, Masaaki; Benson, Kirk T.; Chaffee, T L; Gotô, Hiroshi

doi:10.1111/j.1399-6576.1994.tb03840.x

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Muscular relaxation and artificial ventilation were performed to prevent anesthesia-induced hypoventilation and hypercapnia. Ventilation pattern [8,9] and the dose of drugs we used [14,21,22] did not cause sympathetic activation. Perhaps central integration of baroreflex was delayed directly by etomidate or other drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Differential change in cardiac baroreflex sensitivity estimated by sequence and spectral analysis during etomidate anesthesia

Wang

Shih

Huang

et al. 2000

Clinical Autonomic Research

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Spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity, high-frequency gain, (0.15-0.35 Hz), and mid-frequency gain (0.07-0.14 Hz) are noninvasive measures of cardiac baroreflex function derived by spontaneous sequence and cross-spectral analysis. To demonstrate the difference between these baroreflex estimates, 14 patients received etomidate (0.3 mg/kg bolus and 0.9 mg/kg/h infusion), lidocaine (60 mg), and vecuronium (0.1 mg/kg) by intravenous injection. The authors found that spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity and high-frequency gain were decreased (p <0.05) after etomidate anesthesia, whereas mid-frequency gain was maintained. Spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity, high-frequency gain, and mid-frequency gain, although compared simultaneously, did not change in a parallel manner. In another 5 patients, who received normal saline only, measures were unchanged. The authors conclude that spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity, high-frequency gain, and mid-frequency gain are not interchangeable. Experimental results on baroreflex control depend on the parameter selected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Differential change in cardiac baroreflex sensitivity estimated by sequence and spectral analysis during etomidate anesthesia

Wang

Shih

Huang

et al. 2000

Clinical Autonomic Research

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“…If BRS is low, BP fluctuations increase and BP can frequently surpass the upper limit of safe levels. The use of lidocaine caused the reduction of cardiac BRS (12). Bupivacaine also depressed cardiac BRS in the presence of atenolol, but not in the presence of methylatropine in rats (13) (34,35).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Higher plasma adrenaline concentration (11) and local anesthetics itself such as lidocaine (12) and bupivacaine (13) were reported to reduce BRS in animal studies. However, the effects of mepivacaine on baroreflex functions are unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cardiac and Sympathetic Baroreflexes Remain Functional During Local Anesthesia With Vasoconstrictor-free Mepivacaine in Humans

Furutani

Isono

Asahina

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Local anesthesia with vasoconstrictor-free mepivacaine is known to not evoke pressor responses. However, it is unknown whether baroreflex function and blood pressure (BP) fluctuations are preserved by using mepivacaine. We tested the hypothesis that mepivacaine reduces baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) without changing its operating point. Beat-by-beat BP, heart rate (HR), and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) were measured upon injection of either saline (CNT) or 3% mepivacaine (MPV) in the apical regions of the premolars and around the mandibular foramen in 10 healthy young men [23±5 (SD) years]. Cardiac and sympathetic BRSs were assessed by bolus injections of sodium nitroprusside followed by phenylephrine HCl, and then determined from the slopes of regression lines between systolic BP and HR and between diastolic BP and MSNA, respectively. HR was significantly higher in MPV than CNT (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences in MSNA, the operating points, or BP fluctuations between MPV and CNT (all P>0.05). Moreover, neither cardiac nor sympathetic BRS in CNT were altered by MPV (−0.71±0.13 vs. −0.78±0.33 beats·min−1·mmHg−1, P=0.41; −0.98±0.35 vs. −0.92±0.16 units･beat−1･ mmHg−1, P=0.73). Cardiac and sympathetic baroreflex functions were preserved and BP fluctuation may be well maintained under local anesthesia using vasoconstrictor-free 3% mepivacaine.

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“…However, the baroreflex is an essential circulatory regulating reflex that compensates for hypotension and restores blood flow to the vital organs by increasing HR and by constricting peripheral (skin and muscle) resistance vessels. Baroreflex sensitivity has been reported to be suppressed by volatile anesthetics (10), cervicothoracic epidural anesthesia (11), and large doses of IV local anesthetics (12). Therefore, baroreflexes are significantly affected by combined general/epidural anesthesia with cardiac sympathectomy (13,14).…”

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confidence: 99%

Epidural Clonidine Suppresses the Baroreceptor-Sympathetic Response Depending on Isoflurane Concentrations in Cats

Ikeda

Nishikawa²,

Ohashi³

et al. 2003

Anesthesia & Analgesia

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Epidural administration of clonidine induces hypotension and bradycardia secondary to decreased sympathetic nerve activity. In this study, we sought to elucidate the change in baroreflex response caused by epidural clonidine. Thirty-six cats were allocated to six groups (n = 6 each) and were given either thoracic epidural clonidine 4 micro g/kg or lidocaine 2 mg/kg during 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC) isoflurane anesthesia. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), and cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (CSNA) were measured. Depressor and pressor responses were induced by IV nitroprusside 10 micro g/kg and phenylephrine 10 micro g/kg, respectively. Baroreflex was evaluated by the change in both CSNA and HR relative to the peak change in MAP (deltaCSNA/deltaMAP and deltaHR/deltaMAP, respectively). These measurements were performed before and 30 min after epidural drug administration. Epidural clonidine and lidocaine decreased HR, MAP, and CSNA by similar extents. deltaCSNA/deltaMAP and deltaHR/deltaMAP for depressor response were suppressed with epidural lidocaine and clonidine in all groups but the clonidine 0.5 MAC isoflurane group (0.197 +/- 0.053 to 0.063 +/- 0.014 and 0.717 +/- 0.156 to 0.177 +/- 0.038, respectively, by epidural lidocaine [P < 0.05] but 0.221 +/- 0.028 to 0.164 +/- 0.041 and 0.721 +/- 0.177 to 0.945 +/- 0.239, respectively, by epidural clonidine during 0.5 MAC isoflurane). Those for pressor response were suppressed in all groups. We conclude that thoracic epidural clonidine suppresses baroreflex gain during isoflurane anesthesia >1.0 MAC but may offer certain advantages compared with epidural lidocaine during 0.5 MAC isoflurane by virtue of preserving baroreflex sensitivity when inadvertent hypotension occurs.

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Attenuation of arterial baroreflex control of renal sympathetic nerve activity during lidocaine infusion in alpha–chloralose–anesthetized dogso

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Differential change in cardiac baroreflex sensitivity estimated by sequence and spectral analysis during etomidate anesthesia

Differential change in cardiac baroreflex sensitivity estimated by sequence and spectral analysis during etomidate anesthesia

Cardiac and Sympathetic Baroreflexes Remain Functional During Local Anesthesia With Vasoconstrictor-free Mepivacaine in Humans

Epidural Clonidine Suppresses the Baroreceptor-Sympathetic Response Depending on Isoflurane Concentrations in Cats

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