Attenuation at low seismic frequencies in partially saturated rocks: Measurements and description of a new apparatus

Tisato, Nicola; Madonna, Claudio

doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2012.07.008

Cited by 107 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Dunn (1987) and Yin et al (1992) show that a layer of glue or a metal foil glued on the external surface of the sample limits the free-flow boundary effect that could bias the measurements (Gardner, 1962;Dunn, 1986). On the other hand, Tisato and Madonna (2012) discuss that, for the considered rock and conditions, this effect should be significant only at frequencies higher than 100 Hz.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The cylindrical rock sample was 7.6 cm in diameter and 25.0 cm in length, and it was placed vertically in the broad-band attenuation vessel (BBAV, Tisato and Madonna, 2012). A sketch of the BBAV is shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A sketch of the BBAV is shown in Figure 1. We used the Berea sandstone sample named BS001, used also by Tisato and Madonna (2012) and Tisato and Quintal (2013), with a permeability of ∼300 mD and a porosity of 21%. Madonna et al (2012) show that this rock can be considered isotropic and homogeneous at the sample scale.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calibration of the BBAV was reported by Tisato and Madonna (2012) showing that this apparatus can provide accurate attenuation data in the range from 0.003 to 0.1 and in the frequency range from 0.01 to 100 Hz. The BBAV was further developed to measure transient fluid pressure in partially saturated samples (Tisato and Quintal, 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More details on the methods used to measure attenuation and transient fluid pressure were reported by Tisato and Madonna (2012) and Tisato and Quintal (2013), respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laboratory measurements of seismic attenuation in sandstone: Strain versus fluid saturation effects

Tisato

Quintal

2014

GEOPHYSICS

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In the past few decades, great attention has been focused on uncovering the physics of seismic wave attenuation in fluid-saturated rocks. However, the relationship among many variables affecting attenuation is still not completely clear. For instance, although the role of strain in enhancing friction dissipation is relatively well known for dry rocks, it remains unclear how and how much it affects attenuation in fluid-saturated rocks. We experimentally measured attenuation in the extensional mode in Berea sandstone at strains between 7.8 × 10 −7 and 1.9 × 10 −5 , and at frequencies in the seismic bandwidth (1-100 Hz). These strains were similar to those typically observed in seismic exploration (∼10 −6 ). We also measured the transient fluid pressure caused when a stepwise stress was applied resulting in such strains. For the studied strain range, our results indicated that: (1) the overall attenuation in dry Berea sandstone increased linearly with strain, (2) the frequency-dependent component of attenuation, which was associated with fluid saturation, was approximately insensitive to strain, and (3) the overall attenuation can be considered as a sum of a frequencyindependent and a frequency-dependent components.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More details on the methods used to measure attenuation and transient fluid pressure were reported by Tisato and Madonna (2012) and Tisato and Quintal (2013), respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laboratory measurements of seismic attenuation in sandstone: Strain versus fluid saturation effects

Tisato

Quintal

2014

GEOPHYSICS

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Tectonic control on the petrophysical properties of foredeep sandstone in the Central Apennines, Italy

et al. 2014

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Petrophysical properties of rocks and their applicability at larger scale are a challenging topic in Earth sciences. Petrophysical properties of rocks are severely affected by boundary conditions, rock fabric/microstructure, and tectonics that require a multiscale approach to be properly defined. Here we (1) report laboratory measurements of density, porosity, permeability, and P wave velocities at increasing confining pressure conducted on Miocene foredeep sandstones (Frosinone Formation); (2) compare the laboratory results with larger-scale geophysical investigations; and (3) discuss the effect of thrusting on the properties of sandstones. At ambient pressure, laboratory porosity varied from 2.2% to 13.8% and P wave velocities (V p ) from 1.5 km/s to 2.7 km/s. The P wave velocity increased with confining pressure, reaching between 3.3 km/s and 4.7 km/s at 100 MPa. In situ V p profiles, measured using sonic logs, matched the ultrasonic laboratory measurement well. The permeability varied between 1.4 × 10 À15 m 2 and 3.9 × 10 À15 m 2 and was positively correlated with porosity. The porosity and permeability of samples taken at various distances to the Olevano-Antrodoco fault plane progressively decreased with distance while P wave velocity increased. At about 1 km from the fault plane, the relative variations reached 43%, 65%, and 20% for porosity, permeability, and P wave velocity, respectively. This suggests that tectonic loading changed the petrophysical properties inherited from sedimentation and diagenesis. Using field constraints and assuming overburden-related inelastic compaction in the proximity of the fault plane, we conclude that the fault reached the mechanical condition for rupture in compression at differential stress of 64.8 MPa at a depth of 1500 m.

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Bubbles attenuate elastic waves at seismic frequencies: First experimental evidence

Tisato

Quintal

Chapman

et al. 2015

Geophysical Research Letters

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The migration of gases from deep to shallow reservoirs can cause damageable events. For instance, some gases can pollute the biosphere or trigger explosions and eruptions. Seismic tomography may be employed to map the accumulation of subsurface bubble‐bearing fluids to help mitigating such hazards. Nevertheless, how gas bubbles modify seismic waves is still unclear. We show that saturated rocks strongly attenuate seismic waves when gas bubbles occupy part of the pore space. Laboratory measurements of elastic wave attenuation at frequencies <100 Hz are modeled with a dynamic gas dissolution theory demonstrating that the observed frequency‐dependent attenuation is caused by wave‐induced‐gas‐exsolution‐dissolution (WIGED). This result is incorporated into a numerical model simulating the propagation of seismic waves in a subsurface domain containing CO2‐gas bubbles. This simulation shows that WIGED can significantly modify the wavefield and illustrates how accounting for this physical mechanism can potentially improve the monitoring and surveying of gas bubble‐bearing fluids in the subsurface.

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Attenuation at low seismic frequencies in partially saturated rocks: Measurements and description of a new apparatus

Cited by 107 publications

References 38 publications

Laboratory measurements of seismic attenuation in sandstone: Strain versus fluid saturation effects

Laboratory measurements of seismic attenuation in sandstone: Strain versus fluid saturation effects

Tectonic control on the petrophysical properties of foredeep sandstone in the Central Apennines, Italy

Bubbles attenuate elastic waves at seismic frequencies: First experimental evidence

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