Attenuating organic contaminant mobility by soil modification

Effect of lead on the sorption of phenol onto montmorillonites and organo-montmorillonites

“…The exchanged mineral surfaces become more organophilic, thus increase their sorption of nonionic organic solutes from water. Sorption of nonionic organic contaminants from water by organoclays such as hexadecyl trimethylammonium (HDTMA)-smectite was originally viewed as a partition process involving the organic cation-derived organic phase [13][14][15][16][17]. Sorption of phenol, p-nitrophenol and aniline to the synthesized dual-cation and anion-cation organobentonites was dominated by adsorption at low concentrations and by partition at high concentrations [18,19].…”

Novel polymer/surfactant modified montmorillonite hybrids and the implications for the treatment of hydrophobic organic compounds in wastewaters

“…These materials are considered as appropriate landfill liners (Lo, 2001;Smith et al, 2003;Yariv and Cross, 2002), potential sorbents in removing organic pollutants from water (Anirudhan and Ramachandran, 2007;Lin and Juang, 2009;Marsal et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2004), and effective barriers for organic compound contaminated sites to prevent further pollution of the surrounding environments (Boyd et al, 1988a;Zhu and Chen, 2009;Zhu et al, 2003). The efficiency and costs of the organo montmorillonites in pollution control strongly depend on their sorption capacity towards the HOCs; thus the methods for improving their sorption capacities are of great importance.…”

Solid-State Intercalation of Naphthalene and Anthracene into Alkylammonium-Montmorillonites

“…Various organoammonium exchanged montmorillonites have been synthesized, and the properties and applications have been investigated as so-called "organopbilic clays" which swell in organic solvents to form a thixotropic gel (Jordan, 1950;Jones, 1983). These organoammonium-clays have been studied as a chromatographic stationary phase (Bondarenko et al, 1982), shape selective adsorbates (Barrer, 1978), sorbents for organic contaminants dissolved in water (Lee et al, 1989(Lee et al, , 1990Boyd et al, 1988aBoyd et al, , 1988bJaynes et al, 1991), catalysts (Cornelis and Laszlo, 1982), rheology controlling agents in a wide variety of solvent systems (Jones, 1983), and so on. The modifications have provided new ways to utilize swelling clay minerals in practice.…”