Attenuated and non‐haemadsorbing (non‐<scp>HAD</scp>) genotype<scp>II</scp>African swine fever virus (<scp>ASFV</scp>) isolated in Europe, Latvia 2017

Gallardo, Carmina; Soler, Alejandro; Rodze, Ieva; Nieto, Raquel; Cano-Gómez, Cristina; Fernández-Piñero, Jovita; Arias, Marisa

doi:10.1111/tbed.13132

Cited by 123 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…In addition, several natural ASFV isolates showing decreased virulence in domestic swine have been shown to be non-hemadsorbing suggesting an association between altered or deleted forms of the 8DR gene and virus attenuation [13][14][15] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Deletion of CD2-like gene from the genome of African swine fever virus strain Georgia does not attenuate virulence in swine

Borca

O’Donnell

Holinka

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The CD2-like African swine fever virus (ASFV) gene 8DR, (also known as EP402R) encodes for a structural transmembrane glycoprotein that has been shown to mediate hemadsorption and be involved in host immunomodulation as well as the induction of protective immune response. In addition, several natural ASFV isolates showing decreased virulence in swine has been shown to be non-hemadsorbing suggesting an association between altered or deleted forms of 8DR and virus attenuation. Here we demonstrate that deletion of 8DR gene from the genome of ASFV Georgia2010 isolate (ASFV-G-Δ8DR) does not significantly alter the virulence of the virus. ASFV-G-Δ8DR inoculated intramuscularly or intranasally (in a range of 10 2 to 10 4 tciD 50) produced a clinical disease in domestic pigs indistinguishable from that induced by the same doses of the virulent parental ASFV Georgia2010 isolate. In addition, viremia values in ASFV-G-Δ8DR do not differ from those detected in animals infected with parental virus. Therefore, deletion of 8DR gene is not associated with a noticeable decrease in virulence of the ASFV Georgia isolate. African swine fever virus (ASFV) a large double stranded DNA virus and etiological agent that causes African swine fever (ASF). Depending on the isolate, swine infected with ASFV can have disease that ranges from sub-clinical to disease in which can be highly lethal 1. ASF has been endemic in several sub-Saharan African countries and also in Sardinia (Italy). Recently, outbreaks of ASF have occurred in Eastern Europe and southeast Asia. These outbreaks have all originated with from an outbreak in the Caucasus region that occurred in 2007 2. The isolate that is involved in the current outbreak called Georgia/2007 is highly contagious and lethal in domestic pigs. This high rate of lethality has the potential to cause large losses of domestic pigs 3. There are no vaccines currently available to prevent ASF (1). Development of experimental live-attenuated ASF vaccines, have mainly relied on the production of recombinant field isolates by genetic manipulation, in which one or more genes have been deleted from the field isolate 4-6. Therefore, understanding the role of viral genes in virulence and their possible manipulation to develop attenuated virus strains to produce experimental vaccines is a critical issue. Since its original description, the CD2-like African swine fever virus (ASFV) gene (8DR) has been the focus of intense research. 8DR protein has been shown to be responsible for mediating hemadsorption 7,8 , being critical in virus replication in tick cells 9 , immunomodulate the host response 10 , and is actively involved in the induction of protective immune response 11,12 .

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Deletion of CD2-like gene from the genome of African swine fever virus strain Georgia does not attenuate virulence in swine

Borca

O’Donnell

Holinka

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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show abstract

“…In contrast, in certain areas relatively recent in their acquisition of the infection, like the Estonian island of Saarema or the southwestern notifications in Poland, there is a higher density of serological notifications. We have represented in both maps the location of the virus that were characterized as moderately virulent by the EURL (5,6). Both Estonian virus were isolated from 2015 outbreaks, one in Valga and the other in Tartu.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The evidence of circulation of attenuated strains is scarce for the moment and is mainly restricted to experimental observations. The experimentally identified attenuated virus (5,6) were obtained from areas in which ASF has been present as soon as 1.5-2.5 years with the infection. All three identified ASFV attenuated strains correspond to areas with a high density of antibody positive notifications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moderately virulent ASFV are already currently circulating (5)(6)(7)(8). These virulent viruses produce clinical signs and lesions that are compatible with the simultaneous occurrence of acute, subacute, and chronic forms of the disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These virulent viruses produce clinical signs and lesions that are compatible with the simultaneous occurrence of acute, subacute, and chronic forms of the disease. The incubation period is therefore variable and when it is longer than in acute infections, virus shedding is prolonged over time too, particularly since the percentage of animals that could survive the infection can oscillate between 50 and 75% of the population (6). The existence of survivor animals has been described in the current epidemic (8-10) but their role in ASFV spread is still under discussion within the scientific community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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