Attentional orienting and executive control are affected by different types of meditation practice

Tsai, Min-Hui; Chou, Wei-Lun

doi:10.1016/j.concog.2016.09.020

Cited by 36 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In case of persistent disagreement, the fourth author (JL) was brought into the discussion until consensus was achieved. A set of 16 studies was retained after full search procedure (Ainsworth et al 2013;Allen et al 2012;Greenberg et al 2013;Josefsson et al 2014;Mallya and Fiocco 2016;Mitchell et al 2017;Moynihan et al 2013;Mrazek et al 2013;Prätzlich et al 2016;Sahdra et al 2011;Schoenberg et al 2014;Tang et al 2007;Tsai and Chou 2016;Valls-Serrano et al 2016;Wetherell et al 2017;Zeidan et al 2010).…”

Section: Search Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does Mindfulness Meditation Training Enhance Executive Control? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials in Adults

2019

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Objectives: Over the last years, mindfulness meditation has been claimed to be effective in enhancing several cognitive domains, including executive control. However, these claims have been mostly based on findings pertaining to case-control and cross-sectional studies, which are by nature unable to reveal causal relationships. Aiming to address this issue, we set out to conduct the first quantitative assessment of the literature concerning mindfulness meditation as an enhancer for executive control considering only randomized controlled studies. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis covering experimental studies testing the effect of mindfulness meditation training on at least one executive control function (working memory, inhibitory control, or cognitive flexibility) in adult samples. Four databases were examined, resulting in the identification of 822 candidate references. After a systematic filtering process, a set of 16 studies was retained for evaluation, of which 13 could be included in a subsequent meta-analysis. Results: We found an average effect size of g = 0.34 [0.16, 0.51], indicating a small-to-medium effect of mindfulness meditation training in enhancing executive control. Effect sizes for individual functions were g = 0.42 [0.10, 0.74] for working memory, g = 0.42 [0.20, 0.63] for inhibitory control, and g = 0.09 [-0.13, 0.31] for cognitive flexibility. Funnel plot asymmetry analysis revealed no evidence of publication bias. Conclusions: Taken together, our findings provide preliminary and moderate yet positive evidence supporting the enhancing effects of mindfulness meditation on executive control. Shortcomings of included studies and considerations for future empirical and meta-analytical research are discussed.

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Section: Search Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Click here to access/download; Figure;Fig1.doc Tsai et al (2016) reported two studies out of which one is a RCT. Consequently, only results from that study are synthesized here.…”

Section: Figure1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Mindfulness Meditation Training Enhance Executive Control? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials in Adults

2019

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“…Attentional control refers to the ability to sustain attention on an intended object of focus while noticing distractions and repeatedly returning to the intended object of focus. There is a robust array of research demonstrating that practicing mindfulness meditation (of which attention training is typically a central component) can improve attentional stability including improvements in alerting-response functioning and executive attention (Jha et al 2007;Tsai and Chou 2016;van den Hurk et al 2010).…”

Section: Module I Skill: Attentional Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model for cognitively-based compassion training: theoretical underpinnings and proposed mechanisms

et al. 2019

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Across cultures and belief systems, compassion is widely considered to be beneficial for the development of personal and social wellbeing. Research indicates that compassion-training programs have broad health benefits, but how and why compassiontraining programs are effective is still relatively unknown. This paper describes the theoretical underpinnings of a specific compassion-training program, CBCT ® (Cognitively-Based Compassion Training), and proposes an integrative model that draws on existing health behavior constructs to identify CBCT's core components and hypothesizes their directionality and interaction. The model includes two primary categories of skill development: (1) intrapersonal skills leading to greater resiliency, and (2) interpersonal skills leading to greater compassion. It is hypothesized that these two pathways are mutually reinforcing and both contribute to greater wellbeing. This model provides a foundation for theory-driven research on the underlying mechanisms in CBCT training. An understanding of CBCT's mechanisms is a critical step towards optimizing and personalizing the intervention to meet the needs of specific populations.

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“… No peer-reviewed research report (n = 5)  Not assessing / inappropriate definition of mindfulness as training or executive control as outcome (n = 17)  No RCT (n = 14)  Inappropriate or underreported design or statistical analysis used (n = 4)  Unable to obtain full text (n = 1) Tsai et al (2016) reported two studies out of which one is a RCT. Consequently, only results from that study are synthesized here.…”

Section: Studies Included In Quantitative Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Does mindfulness meditation training enhance executive control? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in adults

Cásedas¹,

Vadillo²,

Lupiáñez³

2019

Preprint

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[This is a pre-print of an article published in Mindfulness. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-019-01279-4] Objectives: Over the last years, mindfulness meditation has been claimed to be effective in enhancing several cognitive domains, including executive control. However, these claims have been mostly based on findings pertaining to case-control and cross-sectional studies, which are by nature unable to reveal causal relationships. Aiming to address this issue, we set out to conduct the first quantitative assessment of the literature concerning mindfulness meditation as an enhancer for executive control considering only randomized controlled studies. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis covering experimental studies testing the effect of mindfulness meditation training on at least one executive control function (working memory, inhibitory control, or cognitive flexibility) in adult samples. Four databases were examined, resulting in the identification of 822 candidate references. After a systematic filtering process, a set of 16 studies was retained for evaluation, of which 13 could be included in a subsequent meta-analysis. Results: We found an average effect size of g = 0.34 [0.16, 0.51], indicating a small-to-medium effect of mindfulness meditation training in enhancing executive control. Effect sizes for individual functions were g = 0.42 [0.10, 0.74] for working memory, g = 0.42 [0.20, 0.63] for inhibitory control, and g = 0.09 [-0.13, 0.31] for cognitive flexibility. Funnel plot asymmetry analysis revealed no evidence of publication bias. Conclusions: Taken together, our findings provide preliminary and moderate yet positive evidence supporting the enhancing effects of mindfulness meditation on executive control. Shortcomings of included studies and considerations for future empirical and meta-analytical research are discussed.

show abstract

Attentional orienting and executive control are affected by different types of meditation practice

Cited by 36 publications

References 48 publications

Does Mindfulness Meditation Training Enhance Executive Control? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials in Adults

Does Mindfulness Meditation Training Enhance Executive Control? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials in Adults

A model for cognitively-based compassion training: theoretical underpinnings and proposed mechanisms

Does mindfulness meditation training enhance executive control? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in adults

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