Attentional networks and cingulum bundle in chronic schizophrenia☆

Nestor, Paul G.; Kubicki, Marek; Spencer, Kevin; Niznikiewicz, Margaret; McCarley, Robert W.; Shenton, Martha E.

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2006.10.005

Cited by 97 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Individual differences in white matter physiology, particularly myelination have been proposed to contribute to variation in information processing speed (Luciano et al 2004) consistent with recent reports of correlations between FA and cognitive reaction time (Bucur et al 2007;Gold et al 2007;Madden et al 2004;Manoach et al 2007;Nestor et al 2007;Tuch et al 2005;Westerhausen et al 2006). Here we report relations between FA and the latency of evoked neural responses, which are presumably more proximal measures of neuronal function than are behavioral measures of latency.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…White matter physiology, particularly myelination, has been proposed to contribute to Individual differences in cognitive processing speed (e.g., Luciano et al 2004) based on the wellestablished role of myelin thickness and axon diameter in determining conduction velocity (Waxman 1980). Recent reports of relations between DTI measures of fractional anistropy (FA) -an indirect measure of myelination (Harsan et al 2006) and other WM microstructural properties (Beaulieu 2002) -and cognitive reaction time support the proposal of a white matter contribution to variability in processing speed (Bucur et al 2007;Gold et al 2007;Madden et al 2004;Manoach et al 2007;Nestor et al 2007;Tuch et al 2005;Westerhausen et al 2006). On this basis, we reasoned that WM microstructure might also contribute to the timing of evoked neural responses, which are a more direct measure of the timing of neural responses than behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A non-invasive method to relate the timing of neural activity to white matter microstructural integrity

et al. 2008

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The neurophysiological basis of variability in the latency of evoked neural responses has been of interest for decades. We describe a method to identify white matter pathways that may contribute to inter-individual variability in the timing of neural activity. We investigated the relation of the latency of peak visual responses in occipital cortex as measured by magnetoencephalography (MEG) to fractional anisotropy (FA) in the entire brain as measured with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in eight healthy young adults. This method makes no assumptions about the anatomy of white matter connections. Visual responses were evoked during a saccadic paradigm and were time-locked to arrival at a saccadic goal. The latency of the peak visual response was inversely related to FA in bilateral parietal and right lateral frontal white matter adjacent to cortical regions that modulate early visual responses. These relations suggest that biophysical properties of white matter affect the timing of early visual responses. This preliminary report demonstrates a non-invasive, unbiased method to relate the timing information from evoked-response experiments to the biophysical properties of white matter measured with DTI.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A non-invasive method to relate the timing of neural activity to white matter microstructural integrity

et al. 2008

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“…In addition, normal aging has been associated with decreased resting-state activation within the default mode network (Andrews-Hanna et al, 2007;Damoiseaux et al, 2008) and with lower FA values of the cingulum (Makris et al, 2007;Schneiderman et al, 2007;Yoon et al, 2008). Furthermore, decreased default mode functional connectivity (Friston, 1999;Liang et al, 2006;Micheloyannis et al, 2006;Bluhm et al, 2007;Salvador et al, 2007;Williamson, 2007;Liu et al, 2008) and reduced microstructural organization of the cingulum tract (Sun et al, 2003;Nestor et al, 2007) have been suggested to play an important role in schizophrenia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Organization of the Cingulum Tract and the Level of Default Mode Functional Connectivity

et al. 2008

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The default mode network is a functionally connected network of brain regions that show highly synchronized intrinsic neuronal activation during rest. However, less is known about the structural connections of this network, which could play an important role in the observed functional connectivity patterns. In this study, we examined the microstructural organization of the cingulum tract in relation to the level of resting-state default mode functional synchronization. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging data of 45 healthy subjects were acquired on a 3 tesla scanner. Both structural and functional connectivity of the default mode network were examined. In all subjects, the cingulum tract was identified from the total collection of reconstructed tracts to interconnect the precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex and medial frontal cortex, key regions of the default mode network. A significant positive correlation was found between the average fractional anisotropy value of the cingulum tract and the level of functional connectivity between the precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex and medial frontal cortex. Our results suggest a direct relationship between the structural and functional connectivity measures of the default mode network and contribute to the understanding of default mode network connectivity.

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“…The use of the ANT as a cognitive measure has been reported in schizophrenia (Nestor et al, 2007;Gooding et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2005). It has been also used to assess nicotine impact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early nicotine withdrawal and transdermal nicotine effects on neurocognitive performance in schizophrenia

AhnAllen

Nestor

Shenton

et al. 2008

Schizophrenia Research

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As cigarette smoking prevalence rates approach 90% in schizophrenia, an important emerging question is the role of nicotine in the disease-related disturbance in cognition. We therefore tested a total of 38 male cigarette smokers (22 schizophrenia, 16 normal control), matched on nicotine dependence, on the Attention Network Test (ANT) at three nicotine conditions (baseline, 8hr overnight withdrawal, 3hr 21mg nicotine patch). The results indicated that the groups did not differ in performance on either of three ANT measures (alertness, orienting, and executive) across baseline, patch, and withdrawal conditions. However, in comparison to the controls, the participants with schizophrenia showed faster ANT reaction time (RT) for the nicotine patch in relation to the baseline condition. In comparison to controls, the participants with schizophrenia also showed reduced ANT accuracy at withdrawal but not at patch condition. These results suggest that overall processing speed and accuracy are affected differently by nicotine levels in participants with schizophrenia, with evidence supporting greater impairment from withdrawal and greater improvement from nicotine administration.

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Attentional networks and cingulum bundle in chronic schizophrenia☆

Cited by 97 publications

References 30 publications

A non-invasive method to relate the timing of neural activity to white matter microstructural integrity

A non-invasive method to relate the timing of neural activity to white matter microstructural integrity

Microstructural Organization of the Cingulum Tract and the Level of Default Mode Functional Connectivity

Early nicotine withdrawal and transdermal nicotine effects on neurocognitive performance in schizophrenia

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