Attentional Modulation of Neural Processing of Shape, Color, and Velocity in Humans

Corbetta, Maurizio; Miezin, Francis M.; Dobmeyer, Susan; Shulman, Gordon L.; Petersen, Steven E.

doi:10.1126/science.2360050

Cited by 780 publications

(435 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…3 The auditory discrimination task was associated with increased cerebral activity in the right superior/middle temporal gyrus (BA 21/22) and the inferior occipital cortex bilaterally (BA 18), while the visual discrimination task was associated with increased cerebral activity in the right superior parietal (BA 7), angular gyrus (BA 39), occipital regions (BA 19), and right fusiform (BA 20). These cerebral areas had previously been found to be associated with sensory discrimination processes [6,18,37,42,57]. 4 We were interested in finding out whether dual-task management involves supplementary activity at the level of the prefrontal cortex (e.g., [20,31]) or more activity only in the posterior cerebral areas already activated by the single tasks (e.g., [10]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of both prefrontal and inferior parietal cortex in dual-task performance

Collette

Olivier

Linden

et al. 2005

Cognitive Brain Research

134

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This PET study explored the neural substrate of both dual-task management and integration task using single tasks that are known not to evoke any prefrontal activation. The paradigm included two simple (visual and auditory) discrimination tasks, a dual task and an integration task (requiring simultaneous visual and auditory discrimination), and baseline tasks (passive viewing and hearing). Data were analyzed using SPM99. As predicted, the comparison of each single task to the baseline task showed no activity in prefrontal areas. The comparison of the dual task to the single tasks demonstrated left-sided foci of activity in the frontal gyrus (BA 9/46, BA 10/47 and BA 6), inferior parietal gyrus (BA 40), and cerebellum. By reference to previous neuroimaging studies, BA 9/46 was associated with the coordinated manipulation of simultaneously presented information, BA 10/47 with selection processes, BA 6 with articulatory rehearsal, and BA 40 with attentional shifting. Globally similar regions were found for the integration task, except that the inferior parietal gyrus was not recruited. These results confirm the hypothesis that the left prefrontal cortex is implicated in dual-task performance. Moreover, the involvement of a parietal area in the dual task is in keeping with the hypothesis that a parieto-frontal network sustains executive functioning. Theme: Neural basis of behaviorTopic: Cognition

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of both prefrontal and inferior parietal cortex in dual-task performance

Collette

Olivier

Linden

et al. 2005

Cognitive Brain Research

134

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“…It is now well established that attention modulates neural activity in extrastriate visual areas such as V2, V4, and MT (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27). However, many of these same studies found little or no attentional modulation in V1 (13,(18)(19)(20)(25)(26)(27).…”

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confidence: 81%

Functional MRI reveals spatially specific attentional modulation in human primary visual cortex

Somers

Dale

Seiffert

et al. 1999

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

600

361

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Selective visual attention can strongly inf luence perceptual processing, even for apparently low-level visual stimuli. Although it is largely accepted that attention modulates neural activity in extrastriate visual cortex, the extent to which attention operates in the first cortical stage, striate visual cortex (area V1), remains controversial. Here, functional MRI was used at high field strength (3 T) to study humans during attentionally demanding visual discriminations. Similar, robust attentional modulations were observed in both striate and extrastriate cortical areas. Functional mapping of cortical retinotopy demonstrates that attentional modulations were spatially specific, enhancing responses to attended stimuli and suppressing responses when attention was directed elsewhere. The spatial pattern of modulation reveals a complex attentional window that is consistent with object-based attention but is inconsistent with a simple attentional spotlight. These data suggest that neural processing in V1 is not governed simply by sensory stimulation, but, like extrastriate regions, V1 can be strongly and specifically inf luenced by attention.It has long been appreciated that selective attention can dramatically affect high-level visual perception (1). More recently, attention has been shown to influence low-level visual phenomena such as luminance detection (2, 3), motion perception (4, 5), orientation discrimination (6), contour detection (7), hyperacuity (6), and even "preattentive" visual search (8). These modulations of perception appear to result from selective spatial attention, because they depend on the location of directed attention. These studies exploited the fact that attention and eye position need not be directed to the same location; that is, attention may be covert (2). Under the same fixation conditions attention may be either directed toward a test stimulus, directed elsewhere, or not directed. Striking differences have been revealed when performance under directed attention is compared with performance when attention is engaged in a highly distracting task, such as identifying letters in a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) stream (5, 8, 9).These phenomena indicate that attention operates at low levels of visual processing, but they do not identify the specific cortical areas in which processing is influenced by attention. This question of the locus of selection is fundamental to the cognitive neuroscience of attention. Theories suggest that processing of the attended representation is enhanced and͞or that processing of unattended representations is suppressed. Enhancement and suppression may act directly on cells in the lower tiers of visual cortex that code retinotopic location or may act at higher cortical areas (10). One long-held theory, the spotlight model of spatial selection (2, 11), suggests that attention is directed to a connected visual field region that contains no topological holes. A competing theory, objectbased selection (12), suggests that attention is directed to ...

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“…In fact, the BOLD signal is strongly modulated by attention 68 , and the results of the motion after-effect experiments could, in principle, be due to the fact that a stimulus with illusory motion automatically draws the attention of a subject more compared to a situation in which there is no motion after-effect. This hypothesis turned out to be correct, as a later study-in which balance in attentional load was accomplished by having the subjects perform a concurrent visual task-found no signal differences between the motion after-effect and no motion after-effect conditions 69 .…”

Section: Neurophysiological Correlates Of the Bold Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

What we can do and what we cannot do with fMRI

Logothetis

2008

Nature

2,845

2,054

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Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is currently the mainstay of neuroimaging in cognitive neuroscience. Advances in scanner technology, image acquisition protocols, experimental design, and analysis methods promise to push forward fMRI from mere cartography to the true study of brain organization. However, fundamental questions concerning the interpretation of fMRI data abound, as the conclusions drawn often ignore the actual limitations of the methodology. Here I give an overview of the current state of fMRI, and draw on neuroimaging and physiological data to present the current understanding of the haemodynamic signals and the constraints they impose on neuroimaging data interpretation.

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Attentional Modulation of Neural Processing of Shape, Color, and Velocity in Humans

Cited by 780 publications

References 19 publications

Involvement of both prefrontal and inferior parietal cortex in dual-task performance

Involvement of both prefrontal and inferior parietal cortex in dual-task performance

Functional MRI reveals spatially specific attentional modulation in human primary visual cortex

What we can do and what we cannot do with fMRI

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