Attentional Limitations in the Sensing of Motion Direction

Thornton, Thomas L.; Gilden, David L.

doi:10.1006/cogp.2001.0751

Cited by 15 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 102 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…(The words denoting the potential objects were only presented after the images.) Although many typical characteristics of visual search, such as serial vs. parallel search strategies, are aggravated under multiple-target search conditions (Thornton and Gilden, 2001, 2007), it is not so clear whether an influence of more- or less-expected object locations would also be augmented during search for multiple potential objects. Yet, of further interest regarding potential contributions of visual search to object-scene consistency effects, despite the lacking interaction between scene repetitions and consistency, we found a different indication that position knowledge might be responsible for the consistency effect: we found that eccentricity significantly interacted with consistency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The roles of scene priming and location priming in object-scene consistency effects

Heise

Ansorge²

2014

Front. Psychol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Presenting consistent objects in scenes facilitates object recognition as compared to inconsistent objects. Yet the mechanisms by which scenes influence object recognition are still not understood. According to one theory, consistent scenes facilitate visual search for objects at expected places. Here, we investigated two predictions following from this theory: If visual search is responsible for consistency effects, consistency effects could be weaker (1) with better-primed than less-primed object locations, and (2) with less-primed than better-primed scenes. In Experiments 1 and 2, locations of objects were varied within a scene to a different degree (one, two, or four possible locations). In addition, object-scene consistency was studied as a function of progressive numbers of repetitions of the backgrounds. Because repeating locations and backgrounds could facilitate visual search for objects, these repetitions might alter the object-scene consistency effect by lowering of location uncertainty. Although we find evidence for a significant consistency effect, we find no clear support for impacts of scene priming or location priming on the size of the consistency effect. Additionally, we find evidence that the consistency effect is dependent on the eccentricity of the target objects. These results point to only small influences of priming to object-scene consistency effects but all-in-all the findings can be reconciled with a visual-search explanation of the consistency effect.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The roles of scene priming and location priming in object-scene consistency effects

Heise

Ansorge²

2014

Front. Psychol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These groups summarize our impressions of task similarity and do not at this Figure 1. Multiple-target search (MTS) results for three motion-sign experiments adapted from Thornton and Gilden (2001). The upper graphs plot patterns of average response time (RT) for each of the nine conditions in MTS; the lower graphs plot the associated average error rates (error bars denote standard errors).…”

Section: Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Task 26: Rotation-textures. Elements were continuously rotating naturalistic textures moving behind circular apertures (ϳ3°v isual angle)-targets rotated clockwise, and distractors rotated counterclockwise (this experiment was previously reported in Thornton & Gilden, 2001).…”

Section: Rotationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Task 28: Rotation-pinwheels. Measurements on this task were previously reported in Thornton and Gilden (2001). The task examined rotation search when elements dynamically accreted and deleted background texture.…”

Section: Rotationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The consequences of fixed criteria in the multiple-target methodology are easily worked out and are displayed in Figure 12 (left panel). In the right panel of the figure, we show the RT and error-rate data obtained for a typical search based on rotation direction (Thornton & Gilden, 2001), a task that is as difficult as anything we have encountered. It is evident that the fixed criterion search model makes predictions that look nothing like these data, and these data are our best candidates for a serial process.…”

Section: A Serial Model Of Multiple-target Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Parallel and serial processes in visual search.

Thornton

Gilden

2007

Psychological Review

Self Cite

139

179

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A long-standing issue in the study of how people acquire visual information centers around the scheduling and deployment of attentional resources: Is the process serial, or is it parallel? A substantial empirical effort has been dedicated to resolving this issue (e.g., J. M. Wolfe, 1998a, 1998b). However, the results remain largely inconclusive because the methodologies that have historically been used cannot make the necessary distinctions (J. Palmer, 1995; J. T. Townsend, 1972, 1974, 1990). In this article, the authors develop a rigorous procedure for deciding the scheduling problem in visual search by making improvements in both search methodology and data interpretation. The search method, originally used by A. H. C. van der Heijden (1975), generalizes the traditional single-target methodology by permitting multiple targets. Reaction times and error rates from 29 representative search studies were analyzed using Monte Carlo simulation. Parallel and serial models of attention were defined by coupling the appropriate sequential sampling algorithms to realistic constraints on decision making. The authors found that although most searches are conducted by a parallel limited-capacity process, there is a distinguishable search class that is serial.

show abstract