Attentional changes with age: Evidence from attentional blink deficits

Maciokas, James B.; Svec, Leedia; Crognale, Michael A.

doi:10.1167/2.7.4

Cited by 15 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…There appears to be a refractory period in which attention is not available for processing the second target if it appears between 200 and 500 ms after the first. Targets presented later in the RSVP stream are normally easily identified though this is not the case in aging populations in which the blink recovers more slowly (Georgiou-Karistianis et al, 2007;Maciokas & Crognale, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, it has been shown that age negatively correlates with performance on the AB task and that the magnitude of the AB increases with age (GeorgiouKaristianis et al, 2007;Maciokas & Crognale, 2003). This increase in blink is twofold: Firstly, older participants miss the second target more frequently and secondly, they miss it for longer periods of time following T1 detection (Georgiou-Karistianis et al, 2007;Maciokas & Crognale, 2003). Presumably, aging participants have a longer blink due to a reduced ability to sustain attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age effects on attentional blink performance in meditation

Leeuwen

Müller

Melloni

2009

Consciousness and Cognition

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age effects on attentional blink performance in meditation

Leeuwen

Müller

Melloni

2009

Consciousness and Cognition

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“…Far fewer investigations have been aimed at correlative analyses of the relationship between the AB and factors that pertain to the observers themselves rather than -or as well as -the stimuli and the tasks. To be sure, there have been studies relating the AB to ADHD (Mason, Humphreys, & Kent, 2005), dyslexia (Lum, Conti-Ramsden, & Lindell, 2007), aging (Maciokas & Crognale, 2003), and brain injury (Husain, Shapiro, Martin, & Kennard, 1997), but these studies have been decidedly in the minority, as well as being confined mainly to special populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alerting enhances target identification but does not affect the magnitude of the attentional blink

Spalek

Lollo

2010

Atten Percept Psychophys

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Identification of the second of two targets is impaired when presented less than about 500 ms after the first. The magnitude of this attentional blink (AB) is known to be modulated by tonic factors (e.g., observer's state of relaxation). The present work examined the effects of a phasic change in observer's state brought about by an alerting stimulus (an aggregate of faint rings) presented in temporal proximity to either letter-target inserted in a temporal stream (RSVP) of digit distractors. In four experiments, identification accuracy of each target was substantially improved by presenting the alerting stimulus either in the target's frame or in the preceding RSVP frame. However, alerting did not modulate the magnitude of the AB. The appearance of an alerting effect on the AB in Experiment 1 was ascribed to a ceiling effect in Experiment 2. Experiment 3 ruled out endogenous temporal cueing effects; Experiment 4 examined the temporal gradient of alerting. Independence of the alerting and AB effects suggests that the alerting stimuli and the letter targets may be processed along distinct visual pathways.

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“…This phenomenon was termed the attentional blink (Raymond, Shapiro, & Arnell, 1992) and correspondingly, RSVP paradigms with two task relevant stimuli are widely referred to as attentional blink paradigms. Differences in the attentional blink (AB) between older and younger participants have been addressed in a number of studies (Georgiou-Karistianis et al, 2007;Lahar, Isaak, & McArthur, 2001; Lee & Hsieh, 2009;Maciokas & Crognale, 2003). The general finding is that older adults experience a deeper and longer AB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The general finding is that older adults experience a deeper and longer AB. This has been interpreted as reflecting reduced inhibition with regard to the non-target stimuli in the RSVP stream (GeorgiouKaristianis et al, 2007;Lahar et al, 2001;Maciokas & Crognale, 2003) or, alternatively or in addition, a longer attentional dwell time for T1 in older participants (Georgiou-Karistianis et al, 2007). Attentional dwell time is the time it takes to form a representation of the target in a working memory store (Isaak, Shapiro, & Martin, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%