Attentional bias affects change detection

Yaxley, Richard H.; Zwaan, Rolf A.

doi:10.3758/bf03206451

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In addition, although only about one third (20 out of 64) of the scenes contained any smoking-related objects, participants might have been led to selectively search for smoking-related objects in the scenes. That these effects are possible has been shown previously in a change detection task in which awareness of the focus on smoking of the experiment had been manipulated (Yaxley & Zwaan, 2005). These issues are a clear limitation of the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Attention to smoking-related and incongruous objects during scene viewing

Bonitz

Gordon

2008

Acta Psychologica

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The present study examined influences of semantic characteristics of objects in real-world scenes on allocation of attention as reflected in eye movement measures. Stimuli consisted of full-color photographic scenes, and within each scene, the semantic salience of two target objects was manipulated while the objects’ perceptual salience was kept constant. One of the target objects was either inconsistent or consistent with the scene category. In addition, the second target object was either smoking-related or neutral. Two groups of college students, namely current cigarette smokers (N = 18) and non-smokers (N = 19), viewed each scene for ten seconds while their eye movements were recorded. While both groups showed preferential allocation of attention to inconsistent objects, smokers also selectively attended to smoking-related objects. Theoretical implications of the results are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Attention to smoking-related and incongruous objects during scene viewing

Bonitz

Gordon

2008

Acta Psychologica

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“…Attended objects are more likely to be noticed if they change, whether attention is directed by salient features (Wright, 2005), sudden onsets (Cole, Kentridge, & Hevywood, 2004), observers' experience and interest (Austen & Enns, 2003;Rensink et al, 1997;Yaxley & Zwann, 2005), or microstimulation of subcortical structures (Cavanaugh & Wurtz, 2004). Rensink (2000) proposed that attention is necessary to maintain a coherent representation of visual objects, without which change detection would be impossible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Interference from filled delays on visual change detection

2006

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Failure to detect changes to salient visual input across a brief interval has popularized the use of change detection, a paradigm that plays important roles in recent studies of visual perception, short-term memory, and consciousness. Much research has focused on the nature of visual representation for the pre- and postchange displays, yet little is known about how visual change detection is interfered with by events inserted between the pre- and postchange displays. To address this question, we tested change detection of colors, spatial locations, and natural scenes, when the interval between changes was (1) blank, (2) filled with a visual scene, or (3) filled with an auditory word. Participants were asked to either ignore the filled visual or auditory event or attend to it by categorizing it as animate or inanimate. Results showed that the ability to detect visual changes was dramatically impaired by attending to a secondary task during the delay. This interference was significant for auditory as well as for visual interfering events and was invariant to the complexity of the prechange displays. Passive listening produced no interference, whereas passive viewing produced small but significant interference. We conclude that visual change detection relies significantly on central, amodal attention.

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“…Attentional Bias Measure AB was measured with a modified Flicker Paradigm to induce change blindness [25][26][27][28][29] . An advantage of this task is that it takes very little time to administer and stimuli are naturalistic.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Craving and Attentional Bias Respond Differently to Alcohol Priming: A Field Study in the Pub

Schoenmakers

Wiers

2009

Eur Addict Res

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Background: Several experimental laboratory studies have shown that subjective craving for alcohol increases as a result of low-to-moderate levels of alcohol consumption. Less is known about alcohol prime effects on relatively automatic appetitive motivational processes such as attentional bias (AB). Also, it is not known whether the effects from laboratory studies can be generalized to real-life drinking environments, and whether effects change after higher alcohol doses than those that have been administered in lab studies. Method: In two pubs, we investigated alcohol prime dose effects in self-reported craving and AB, measured by a modified Flicker Paradigm. We included an opportunistic sample of 72 social drinkers who had been drinking various amounts of alcohol. Results: Self-reported craving was positively predicted by dose of alcohol consumed, from one up to 16 drinks. In contrast, AB was negatively predicted by dose consumed in participants who had been binge drinking. Conclusion: This field study validates earlier experimental research on alcohol prime effects in a real drinking situation. Further, it demonstrates prime effects up to much higher alcohol doses than in previous lab studies.

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Attentional bias affects change detection

Cited by 28 publications

References 20 publications

Attention to smoking-related and incongruous objects during scene viewing

Attention to smoking-related and incongruous objects during scene viewing

Interference from filled delays on visual change detection

Craving and Attentional Bias Respond Differently to Alcohol Priming: A Field Study in the Pub

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