Attention in Schizophrenia

Luck, Steven J.; Gold, James M.

doi:10.1007/7854_2022_380

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Yet, it should be noted that attentional bias modification training was not designed to improve attentional control and that a more tailored intervention towards impaired attentional control in SSD may be preferable. For instance, Luck and Gold (2023) briefly stated that the use of video games for attentional interventions could help to reduce hyperfocusing in SSD. Furthermore, if SSD patients are more distracted by neutral social stimuli (e.g., neutral face/speech) due to aberrant salience, interventions aiming to shift the meaning of those stimuli may be valuable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These mixed findings may be attributed to the heterogeneity of SSD (e. g., positive/negative symptoms, medication), individual differences, cognitive domains (e.g., response inhibition), task instructions (i.e., implicit/explicit), stimuli type (e.g., social/non-social), and facial expression (e.g., angry/fearful) (Duggirala et al, 2020). Also, research to date has not fully established if emotional interference in SSD is modulated by attentional control, one of the key components of attention in SSD (Luck & Gold, 2023).…”

Section: Emotion-attention Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Attentional control refers to the mechanisms involved in selective attention, and it is responsible for selecting the target stimulus for enhanced processing by putting together information about explicit goals, implicit memory, and salience Luck & Gold, 2008). Behavioral and neurophysiological data point to impaired attentional control in SSD, with patients being more distracted by task-irrelevant stimuli only in "demanding" tasks requiring to focus on a low-salient target in the presence of a high-salient distractor (e.g., Hahn et al, 2022;see;Luck & Gold, 2023). For instance, during a visual search task with eye tracking, SSD patients and HC were asked to find a non-salient (low-contrast) or salient (high-contrast) target-circle among non-salient and salient distractor-circles (Bansal et al, 2019).…”

Section: Attentional Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both groups avoided directing their gaze to non-salient distractors when the target was salient, but SSD patients were more likely to focus on salient distractors when searching for non-salient targets. Luck and Gold (2023) recently proposed that this greater distractibility in SSD is not explained by a decrease in focus, but instead by an aberrant hyperfocusing on non-target stimuli. Hence, if SSD is indeed associated with a misattribution of emotional salience to neutral faces, exploring attentional control in a socioemotional context may help to understand the atypical processing of such stimuli in SSD, consequently unravelling the nature and extending the knowledge on increased emotional interference.…”

Section: Attentional Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emotional interference and attentional control in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: The special case of neutral faces

Grave¹,

Madeira²,

Morais³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSD) are characterized by impaired emotion processing. Moreover, individuals with SSD seem to be highly sensitive to the presence of emotional distractors. Yet, no study has investigated whether perceptual load can modulate this emotional interference in SSD. Our goal was to investigate whether task-irrelevant faces would capture exogenous attention to a greater extent in SSD, and whether this effect would be dependent on facial expression and perceptual load. Twenty-two individuals with SSD and 22 healthy controls (HC) performed a target-letter discrimination task with task-irrelevant angry, happy and neutral facial expressions. Target-letter were presented among homogenous (low perceptual load) or heterogenous (high perceptual load) distractor-letters. Results showed that individuals with SSD were significantly slower than HC in the presence of neutral faces, but only at high perceptual load. We argued that neutral faces captured exogenous attention to a greater extent in SSD, thus challenging attentional control in perceptually demanding conditions. These findings provide new evidence into the interplay between exogenous attention, attentional control and emotion processing in SSD, with potential implications for clinical practice. [NO PEER REVIEW WAS PERFORMED AT THE MOMENT]

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Emotion-attention Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Attentional Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Attentional Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Emotional interference and attentional control in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: The special case of neutral faces

Grave¹,

Madeira²,

Morais³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Various models propose that the existence of switch cost reflects formation of perceptual sets 15–17 due to priming or attentional selection that transiently enhances processing of information for a particular dimension/feature/rule in repeat conditions compared with switch. Accumulated evidence indicates alterations in set shifting/switch cost after brain injury, aging and in neuropsychiatric disorders 18–23 . The significance of such alterations in switch cost and their link to behavioural deficits in neuropsychological and addiction disorders remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphine exposure modulates dimensional bias and set formation in anthropoids

Ghasemian,

Pascoe,

Vardanjani

et al. 2024

Addiction Biology

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Humans demonstrate significant behavioural advantages with particular perceptual dimensions (such as colour or shape) and when the relevant dimension is repeated in consecutive trials. These dimension‐related behavioural modulations are significantly altered in neuropsychological and addiction disorders; however, their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we studied whether these behavioural modulations exist in other trichromatic primate species and whether repeated exposure to opioids influences them. In a target detection task where the target‐defining dimension (colour or shape) changed trial by trial, humans exhibited shorter response time (RT) and smaller event‐related electrodermal activity with colour dimension; however, macaque monkeys had shorter RT with shape dimension. Although the dimensional biases were in the opposite directions, both species were faster when the relevant dimension was repeated, compared with conditions when it changed, across consecutive trials. These indicate that both species formed dimensional sets and that resulted in a significant ‘switch cost’. Scheduled and repeated exposures to morphine, which is analogous to its clinical and recreational use, significantly augmented the dimensional bias in monkeys and also changed the switch cost depending on the relevant dimension. These cognitive effects occurred when monkeys were in abstinence periods (not under acute morphine effects) but expressing significant morphine‐induced conditioned place preference. These findings indicate that significant dimensional biases and set formation are evolutionarily preserved in humans' and monkeys' cognition and that repeated exposure to morphine interacts with their manifestation. Shared neural mechanisms might be involved in the long‐lasting effects of morphine and expression of dimensional biases and set formation in anthropoids.

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