Attention Deficits in Children with &amp;lt; 750 gm Birth Weight

Taylor, Gerry H.; Hack, Maureen; Klein, Nancy

doi:10.1076/chin.4.1.21.3188

Cited by 70 publications

(71 citation statements)

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“…Results showed that LBW children performed more poorly on selective attention tasks than did normal birth-weight (NBW, birth weight > 2500 g) children. Taylor, Hack, and Klein ( 1998 ) compared the attentional performance of extremely low birth-weight (ELBW, birth weight < 750 g) and very low birth-weight (VLBW, birth weight between 1000 and 1499 g) children at 5 to 9 years of age with NBW children using similar tasks, as well as on one test of mental set shifting. The ELBW children performed worse than the NBW controls on the sustained attention and set shifting tasks, but not on the measure of selective attention.…”

Section: Attentional and Executive Abilities In Preterm Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attentional networks efficiency in preterm children

Pizzo

Urben

Linden

et al. 2009

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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Recent studies have reported specifi c executive and attentional defi cits in preterm children. However, the majority of this research has used multidetermined tasks to assess these abilities, and the interpretation of the results lacks an explicit theoretical backdrop to better understand the origin of the diffi culties observed. In the present study, we used the Child Attention Network Task (Child ANT; Rueda et al. 2004 ) to assess the effi ciency of the alerting, orienting and executive control networks. We compared the performance of 25 preterm children (gestational age ≤ 32 weeks) to 25 full-term children, all between 5½ and 6½ years of age. Results showed that, as compared to full-term children, preterm children were slower on all conditions of the Child ANT and had a specifi c defi cit in executive control abilities. We also observed a signifi cantly higher correlation between the orienting and executive control networks in the preterm group, suggesting less differentiation of these two networks in this population. ( JINS , 2010, 16, 130-137.)

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Section: Attentional and Executive Abilities In Preterm Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attentional networks efficiency in preterm children

Pizzo

Urben

Linden

et al. 2009

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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“…On average, children born preterm perform lower on intelligence tests than their fullterm peers by 5 to 11 points, with a "dose-response" effect noted as a function of birth weight, even after adjusting for sociodemographic influences. As these observed differences on intelligence tests can be considered to represent the amalgam of skill discrepancies in more discrete cognitive operations (Aylward, 2005), finer-grained examinations of specific neuropsychological abilities reveal deficits in motor coordination and tone (e.g., Breslau, Chilcoat, & Johnson, 2000), fine motor-visuomotor skills (e.g., Dewey, Crawford, & Creighton, 1999;Whitfield, Eckstein-Grunau, & Holstik, 1997), and attention and executive functions, particularly working memory (e.g., Anderson & Doyle, 2004;Espy et al, 2002;, Luciana, Lindeke, Georgieff, Mills, & Nelson, 1999;Taylor, Hack, & Klein, 1998). In preschoolers, language delays are common.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, it is of note that pH is related to controlled attention (Taylor, Hack, & Klein, 1998), as measured on the NEPSY Visual Attention subtest, but not to performance on a task meant to capture motor impulsivity in the context of reward. Clinically, children born preterm more commonly show primary deficits with control and maintenance of attention (Lou, 1996;Szatmari, Saigal, & Rosenbaum, 1990;Taylor, Hack, & Klein, 1998), without the concurrent hyperactivity that is more typical in psychiatrically diagnosed samples. Here, the unique relation of pH to attention task performance is consistent with this clinical picture.…”

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confidence: 99%

Perinatal pH and Neuropsychological Outcomes at Age 3 Years in Children Born Preterm: An Exploratory Study

Espy

Senn

Charak³

et al. 2007

Developmental Neuropsychology

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“…[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Self-regulation of arousal is essential to initiating and maintaining attention and to accessing higher order "executive" functions such as planning and independent problem solving. 24,25 Landmark changes have been described in the first year of life with respect to orienting to objects and control of distress 26 and subsequently in children's abilities to plan and regulate cognitive skills. 27 Preterm infants who are born at extremely low birth weight (Յ800 g) show maladaptive behaviors during the stress of novel cognitive challenge compared with term-born children at 3 years 28 and at school age, 17 even when they have normal intelligence.…”

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confidence: 99%

Neonatal Procedural Pain and Preterm Infant Cortisol Response to Novelty at 8 Months

2004

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ABSTRACT. Objectives. Stress systems may be altered in the long term in preterm infants for multiple reasons, including early exposure to procedural pain in neonatal intensive care. This question has received little attention beyond hospital discharge. Stress responses (cortisol) to visual novelty in preterm infants who were born at extremely low gestational age (ELGA; <28 weeks), very low gestational age (VLGA; 29 -32 weeks), and term were compared at 8 months of age corrected for prematurity (corrected chronological age [CCA]). In addition, among the preterm infants, we evaluated whether cortisol levels at 8 months were related to neonatal exposure to procedural pain and morphine in the neonatal intensive care unit.Methods. Seventy-six infants, 54 preterm (<32 weeks' GA at birth) and 22 term-born infants who were seen at 8 months CCA composed the study sample, after excluding those with major sensory, motor, or cognitive impairment. Salivary cortisol was measured before (basal) and 20 minutes after introduction of novel toys (post 1) and after developmental assessment (post 2).Results. Salivary cortisol was significantly higher in ELGA infants at 8 months, compared with the VLGA and term groups before and after introduction of visual novelty. Term-born and VLGA infants showed a slight decrease in cortisol when playing with novel toys, whereas the ELGA group showed higher basal and sustained levels of cortisol. After controlling for early illness severity and duration of supplemental oxygen, higher basal cortisol levels in preterm infants at 8 months' CCA were associated with higher number of neonatal skin-breaking procedures. In contrast, cortisol responses to novelty were predicted equally well by neonatal pain or GA at birth. No relationship between morphine dosing and cortisol response was demonstrated in these infants.Conclusions. ELGA preterm infants show a different pattern of cortisol levels before and after positive stimulation of visual novelty than more maturely born, VLGA preterm and term-born infants. Exposure to high numbers of skin-breaking procedures may contribute to "resetting" basal arousal systems in preterm infants. Pediatrics 2004;114:e77-e84. URL: http://www.pediatrics. org/cgi/content/full/114/1/e77; pain, stress, premature infants, novelty, cortisol, morphine.

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Attention Deficits in Children with < 750 gm Birth Weight

Cited by 70 publications

References 0 publications

Attentional networks efficiency in preterm children

Attentional networks efficiency in preterm children

Perinatal pH and Neuropsychological Outcomes at Age 3 Years in Children Born Preterm: An Exploratory Study

Neonatal Procedural Pain and Preterm Infant Cortisol Response to Novelty at 8 Months

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